Celiac Disease: Medical Analysis Report

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Celiac disease is a gastric disorder in which the small intestine wrecks and hinders the digestion of nutrients gained from the food. The people with celiac disease show reluctance in digesting gluten, which is a protein naturally obtained from wheat, rye and barley. The other sources of the gluten include medicines, multivitamins and lip balms. The immune system of the celiac patients on the engulfment of gluten containing food reacts simultaneously by rupturing villi that are tiny finger-like extensions along with the small intestine. The other professional and scientific names of this disease are celiac sprue, non-tropical sprue and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. This disease is also hereditary in nature (NIH, 2008).

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The symptoms of celiac disease are usually different in the patients. However, the gastric complications of the celiac disease are nearly common in infants and young children. These gastric complications include abdominal bloating & pain, chronic diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, pale foul smelling or fatty stool and weight loss.

Adults with celiac disease show symptoms other than digestive disorders, which are iron-deficiency anemia, fatigue, arthritis, osteoporosis, depression, tingling numbness in the hands & feet, seizures, irregular menstrual periods, recurrent miscarriage, canker sores inside the mouth and dermatitis herpetiformis. There are also some other disease, which usually become associated in the worse condition of this disease. These associated diseases include type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, autoimmune liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Addison’s disease and Sjogren disease (NIH, 2008).

Still, the diagnosis of this disease is difficult due to similarity of its symptoms. To overcome this challenge, the health scholars have devised some diagnostic tests which include blood test, intestinal biopsy, Dermatitis Herpetiformis and screening. During blood test, most of the patients with celiac disease report the increased anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTGA) or anti-endomysium antibodies (EMA). However, not all patients show such results and their diagnosis is performed by other blood. Similarly, the biopsy of the small intestine confirms the disease. The purpose of screening is to detect the disease among the individuals without the indication of any symptom (Rodrigo, 2006).

No area of the world could manage an escape from this disease. In the United States, this disease has a wide prevalence among the people, such like that about 1 out of 133 individuals (Fasano et al., 2003).

Currently, the most prescribed therapy for this disease is the administration of gluten-free diet (Kupper, 2005). The absolute compliance of diet chart defined by dietitian for the celiac patients may prevent the threats of alarming osteoporosis and intestinal cancer. However, no definite medication can be defined up till now (Treem, 2004). If the diet therapy becomes inefficient in certain cases, steroids or immunosuppressants are usually prescribed in that situation (American Gastrointestinal Association, 2001).

The researchers are still on the way to design any comprehensive therapy for this disease and for this purpose, they are working on the combination of enzymes and proteins that can cause detoxification of gluten before entering into small intestine. The scientists are also devising new manuals for inducing acquisition of knowledge among the health professional so that they may be able to diagnose the disease on its real time. The tone of the executed research leaves a rich hope for the coming generations (www.clinicaltrials.gov, n.d.).

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The reported complications of celiac disease are malnutrition, loss of calcium & bone minerals density, lactose intolerance, cancer and neurological complications such as epilepsy and peripheral neuropathy. The seeking of physician’s advice in time may help the individual to survive from these complications (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2006).

References

American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: Celiac Sprue” (2001). Gastroenterology 120 (6): 1522–5.

Fasano A, Berti I, Gerarduzzi T, et al. (2003). Prevalence of celiac disease in at-risk and not-at-risk groups in the United States. Archives of Internal Medicine. 163(3):268–292.

Kupper C. (2005). “Dietary guidelines and implementation for celiac disease”. Gastroenterology 128 (4 Suppl 1): S121–7.

MayoClinic.com. (2006). “”. Web.

NIDDK, NIH. (2008). Celiac Disease. 08-4269. Web.

Rodrigo L. (2006). Celiac disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 12(41):6585–6593.

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Treem W. (2004). “Emerging concepts in celiac disease”. Curr Opin Pediatr 16 (5): 552–9.

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IvyPanda. 2021. "Celiac Disease: Medical Analysis." September 25, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/celiac-disease-medical-analysis/.

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