Contemporary Argument on Abortion Review Report

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When a woman finds out she is pregnant, her life never remains the same no matter what choice she makes. She is going to bear the burden of maternity which means one of the most challenging and rewarding experiences in her life.

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Being pregnant means entering into a new rank with unique responsibilities which calls for further learning. Besides being loving and caring, the woman has to learn how to guide, encourage, and be proficient in providing other parental support to the one who is still in her womb. After asking themselves many questions and trying to find answers to them, most women try to look for alternatives on the matter concerning the fetus in her maternal womb. Some opt to let it to the new kind of life, where it will live in an environment void of dependence like before. Others resort to abortion as to the means of expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus. Abortion is treated differently as some find it a moral crime, others think that it is a reasonable way out from the unwanted pregnancy situation, and there is also a viewpoint that abortion is the choice which can be made only by the pregnant woman.

Abortion is an operation or other intervention with the purpose to end a pregnancy by removing an embryo or fetus from the womb.

There exist two types of abortion:

  • Spontaneous abortion – is a type of abortion which most people refer to as miscarriage. It is the loss of a fetus before five months (20 weeks) of gestation. It is caused most often by problems with the fetus or with the maternal environments in which it is growing. Stillborn birth (stillbirth) – is the death of the fetus after five month of gestation while still in the uterus (womb).
  • Induced abortion – is probably what many people understand by the term “abortion”. This is the case when a woman chooses to terminate her pregnancy.

There are two types of induced abortion available: surgical and non-surgical (medical) abortions. In most developed countries they commonly use surgical methods which include vacuum aspiration, dilation and curettage, dilation and evacuation and dilation and extraction which is the less common surgical method for later birth.

For many decades induced abortion has been a debatable matter: should it be legalized or not? In many countries it is illegal by the act of the law while in others, like US, it is legalized.

In those it’s illegalized, people still remain torn between the pros and cons decisions. In such countries, abortion has to be carried out by a licensed physician or someone acting under the supervision of a licensed physician.

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There are several reasons that support the ban of abortion laws in those illegalized countries. Doctors claim that legalizing abortion would give women freedom to get improved medical care and procedure during abortion. Doctors claim that abortion is no longer a dangerous procedure. For example, Dr. Mary S. Calderone wrote in the American Journal of Public Health:

Abortion is no longer a dangerous procedure. This applies not just to therapeutic abortions as performed in hospitals but also to so-called illegal abortions as done by physician. In 1957 there were only 260 deaths in the whole country attributed to abortions of any kind…Second, and even more important, the conference [on abortion sponsored by Planned Parenthood] estimated that 90 percent of all illegal abortions are presently being done by physicians…Whatever trouble arises usually arises from self-induced abortions, which comprise approximately 8 percent, or with the very small percentage that go to some kind of non-medical abortionist…So remember…abortion, whether therapeutic or illegal, is in the main no longer dangerous, because it is being done well by physicians. (Gans & Spaulding Balch, 1998).

Others support the ban of anti-abortion laws because this is against the women rights. Their claims can be verified in cases where the pregnancy will cause danger to mother of the child.

Abortion rights groups have disrupted Congress several times, demanding that lawmakers lift the ban On Oct. 25, unable to get past increased security, they held up signs at Congress’ front door that read: “Women assassins” and “They want to keep us quiet and dead.” A minority of lawmakers are still trying to lift the ban, but don’t have enough votes (Carl, 2007, p. 2).

Despite the debates over the problem of abortion, whether legal or illegal, it has been put into practice in almost all countries throughout the world. So, the fight to ban such sophisticated puzzle occurring both naturally and unnaturally may take centuries. In the statistical data presented by the Centers for Disease Control there were 854,122 legal induced abortions in the US in 2003 (Strauss & Gamble, 2006). This figure shows that abortion rate declines. The factors that influence the recent declining of abortion throughout the world include the following ones:

  • aging of the population in certain countries;
  • great acceptance of unwed childbearing;
  • a shift in altitude;
  • legislation restriction of abortion access;
  • decrease in the number of abortion providers.

Other ways that are proposed to reduce abortion are those of using contraceptive. Contraception has wide acceptance in the U.S.: The National Survey of Family Growth, 2002, reported that among sexually active women aged 15 to 44 have used modern contraceptive methods, like the birth control pill, condoms, IUD, etc. (Mosher & Martinez, 2004).

This has minimized unwanted pregnancies. The method is being battled among ethnic, religious groups and others. The Roman Catholic hierarchy is unalterably opposed to the use of such contraceptive methods. They teach their concept of natural law in which every act of sexual intercourse must be open to conception and the creation of new human life. However, the Catholic laity appears to have rejected the church’s teaching.

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The New American Bible arguments clearly teach that abortion is wrong and this comes across many ways and for many reasons. The teaching of the Bible can be traced from the beginning book of the bible in genesis 1:26-31:2:4-25 which tell: “God created man in his own image; in the divine image he created him, male and female he created them. Thus the image of God cannot be taken away. Secondly, God command first parents to be fertile and multiply (gen1:28), and he has dominion over human life and its origin (Gen 4:1). It is sinful to interrupt it.” This why prophet Amos in his book 1:13 condemns the Ammonites “because they had ripped open expectant mother in Gilead” In Psalm127:3, the Bible says that truly children are a gift from the lord: the fruit of a womb is a reward. In Psalm 139:13, 15; 22:10-11God knows the pre-born, helps and calls the pre-born child (The New American Bible, 2006).

The Bible repeatedly condemns the killing of the innocent as revealed in Exodus 20:13; Deut.5:17 which says “thou shall not kill” and Christ affirms that unrepentant murderers cannot enter the kingdom of heaven. The sin of child-sacrifice is in fact mentioned as one of the major reasons that the kingdom of Israel was destroyed by the Assyrians and the people were taken to exile (2 kings 17:17-18). One of the scripture’s basic themes is that life is victorious over death (Gen 3:15). For Christians abortion is death and Christ come to conquer death, and, therefore, abortion (Jn.10:10) is considered as the outcome of the battle for life. This problem has already been decided by the resurrection of Christ. Rev.21:4 says that “there shall be no more death” (The New American Bible, 2006).

There are also other arguments against abortion, namely, they are medical, legal and philosophical ones. Below is a summary of pros and cons arguments against abortion.

The anti-abortion supporters see abortion as a form of murder that demeans the value of human life. They oppose the method of birth control by the reason that there are other forms of birth control. In addition, abortion will wipe out the societal contributions of potentially valuable human beings. It brings major psychological suffering and damage to the parents of the child. Parents who are unable to take care of the child should adopt it as there are couples who spend years waiting to adopt a child. Abortion decisions are often made by young adults who don’t have the maturity and life experience to make good decisions.

On the other hand, abortion supporters claim that the government and other organizations’ intervention helps to control personal matters of the woman’s body. Also, illegalizing abortion increases the risk that young women incur. The supporters of abortion believe that if abortion is made illegal, it will lead to increased risk of young women dying or becoming sterile. Some argue that abortion is not a murder because it is performed before a fetus has develop into a human being

In conclusion, there are many good arguments against abortion from the Biblical point of view. The Bible and logic are on the side of the Christian who want to stand for the sanctity of human life. However, the decision to abort is entirely very personal and that is why most healthcare providers give a counseling advice to those thinking of having an abortion. Tribe said “Professor Charles Fried… understood that the Supreme Court’s line of decisions on the subject of personal privacy rested squarely on “the moral fact that a person belongs neither to himself and not others nor to society as a whole” (Tribe, 1990).

References

Bohan, J. (1999). The house of Atreus: abortion as a human right issue. Westport CT.

Carl, T. (2007). Doctors fight no-abortion Policy. The Associated Press, p. A3.

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Cozic, C. & Tipp, S. (1991). Abortion: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press.

Gans, O.,& Spaulding Balch, M. (1998). If abortion, is made illegal, women will die.

Mosher, W. & Martinez G. (2004). Use of contraception and use of family planning services in the United States, 1982-2002. National Center for Health statistics, p. 4.

Olasky, M. (1995). Abortion Rites: a social history of abortion in America. Washington: Regnery Publishing, Inc.

Strauss L. & Gamble S. (2006). , 2003. Web.

The new American Bible. (2006). Libreria Editrice Vaticana.

Tribe, L. H (1990). Abortion: the clash of absolutes. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

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IvyPanda. 2021. "Contemporary Argument on Abortion Review." September 3, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/contemporary-argument-on-abortion-review/.

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