Any government of the day in any nation must develop specific policies in particular areas to be able to streamline the management of that particular policy area effectively. Policies governing the provision of education are very fundamental to any nation. Research findings indicate that education is highly valued all over the world. Wenger (p. 240) has demonstrated that students all over the world are now going the extra mile in their quest for quality education. Some have gone to the extent of attending after-school and weekend tutoring to improve their academic certificates. This strategy has paid off by effectively raising the literacy levels globally (Wenger, p. 240).
Current research findings have shown that the education sector has been experiencing numerous problems with declining rates. According to Wenger (p. 243), these declining levels have been attributed to problems of drugs used within the school system, violence, and the changing family structure. Dye and Susan (p. 320) strongly believe that teachers, school administrators, and the community at large are best suited to change this worrying trend. Community and child welfare agencies for instance have set the ball rolling by working in collaborating with school stakeholders in an attempt to address the problems (Wenger, p. 245).
The world has experienced numerous problems in regard to environmental issues in recent times. Water scarcity and pollution, the deterioration of natural ecosystems (Murphy, p. 103), and an explosive population increase have been reported as some of the environmental challenges facing the world. Concerted efforts from NGOs working in conjunction with government agencies at ministerial levels have been put in place to deal with this problem. Murphy (p. 108) underscores the importance of the government’s accountability and efforts to help reduce environmental degradation in addressing this problem. Thirdly, the area of emergency preparedness has been noticed to pose great challenges to society. The majority of deaths occurring in the world today have been attributed to society’s lack of preparedness in dealing with disasters. Researchers argue that the community remains the most critical government agency in emergency management particularly at the implementation level (Dye and Susan, p. 291).
The fourth policy area to be addressed is crime management. Proponents of change feel that the current situation of sending offenders to prison should be replaced with an alternative method. They argue that severe punishment for crime is not the solution but instead converts convicts into hardened criminals (Dye and Susan, p. 401). From this argument, it is imperative for governments to take necessary steps towards crime prevention particularly through instilling morality and discipline among the youth. In view of this, the government through the provincial administration (Murphy, p. 150) can conduct public education sessions to inculcate discipline and morality in the society.
Finally, immigration whether legal or illegal is a big problem that needs to be dealt with conclusively. There has been an influx of immigrants all over the world presenting the risk of increased cross-border criminals in the affected countries. From the literature reviewed, it is clear that there is no suggested method of dealing with immigrants across nations thereby leaving most governments groping in the dark. Dye and Susan (p. 419) explain that the only viable solution to this problem is for third world governments, through their industrialization ministries to develop knowledge-based industries and boost stable sustainable economies. This will help in creating numerous job opportunities and hopefully discourage enormous exodus.
References
Dye, Thomas and Susan MacManus. Politics in States and Communities (13thed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008. Print.
Murphy, Pamela. The Garbage Primer: The League of Women Voters. Lyons and Burford, 1993. Print.
Wenger, E. Communities of practice: learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Print.