Quantitative research is a type of empirical investigation that focuses not on theory and logic but on verification observation. The main goal is to convey the research in numbers and come to specific conclusions. There are four types of quantitative research, which, as a rule, are expressed in numeric indicators (McCusker & Gunaydin, 2015). The first type is survey research that uses interviews and sample questions to obtain accurate information. This research type helps researchers to present results accurately. The second type is correlation research held in at least two groups of people for subsequent comparison of previous works. The third type is causal-comparative research, which tries to find how different groups affect the same event. The fourth type is experimental research that is guided by a hypothesis that should be confirmed or rejected. After the statement is made, an experiment begins to find out its verification.
Qualitative research is inductive rather than deductive; researchers use that type of investigation when little is known about a particular phenomenon, experience, or concept. In this research, people are studied in vivo and try to understand the meaning that people attribute to their expertise (Brannen, 2017). There are five types of qualitative research most often used in nursing. The first type is dermatology, the purpose of which is to describe a specific phenomenon and individual experiences to understand what this experience means in people’s lives. The second type is a grounded theory that researchers use to study aspects that are associated with social processes and the constant comparison of data with new categories. The third type is ethnography, which is used for a deeper understanding of culture and involves observing the participants. The fourth type is a narrative inquiry that, during the story life and experience of people, is research. The fifth type is critical research that consists of a comprehensive assessment of social phenomena, and researchers use this type to work with marginalized groups.
References
Brannen, J. (2016). Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research. New York: NY, Routledge.
McCusker, K., & Gunaydin, S. (2015). Research using qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods and choice based on the study. Perfusion, 30(7), 537-542.