In the DSM-5 diagnostic framework, there are a number of etiological approaches designed to identify a wide range of substance use disorders. The rehabilitation environment is a special behaviorally corrected microsocial surrounding remittent; microenvironment in which he/she lives, with whom he/she communicates, and in which he/she carries out certain activities. Positive group leaders should be distinguished, group roles should be structured, and aspects of encouragement and punishment should be collegially addressed. In addition, it is vital that issues of responsibilities and discipline are discussed. The most appropriate counseling interventions are training, which is complex of psycho-correctional measures, which is likely to be in any center, but in this case, practices aimed at socialization, vocational guidance prevail.
The given approach can be accompanied by various pharmacological treatment procedures in order to ease the physiological aspect of the recovery period. For example, adaptation psychotherapy is a necessary part of the rehabilitation process, since often relapse of anesthesia occurs not under the influence of psychological trauma, not in a situation of frustrating loneliness, but for adaptation reasons, when returning to the previous microsocial environment. In patients with drug addiction, adaptation psychotherapy consists of small training, in which they simulate situations of collision with the pro-narcotic environment, discuss possible provocative and manipulative actions of former addictive associations, develop a position of “no return” to the previous social environment, behavior and pathological habits. Thus, the most relevant and important Motivational Interviewing (MI) skills are engaging and planning due to the fact that they are key determining factors in the rehabilitation’s success. The main reason is that engagement will eliminate the patient’s inner conversation, which, in most cases, will convince them to quit the recovery process and relapse by consuming the addictive substance.