Rossman Adult Learning Inventory
The principle aspect of the adult learning process is considered to be group orientation. Adult Learning Inventory is analyzed through the basic approaches to the learning process; it was stated that adults are to use their experience as the key element of learning. The pace of working and theoretical study should not be limited in the learning process. Contemporary situation shows that adult learning is a widely spread phenomenon among the population. The theory is predominantly based on the problem-centered approach of learning concentration on real life and job situations. One of the RALI exercise questions refers to the information degree perceived by the adults; it should be stressed that adults have the abilities to learn the same amount of information as young people in case they control pace because the abilities to study of one particular person at all ages are similar.
Adult Development Theories
Freud’s theory of adulthood can be analyzed on the basis of childhood experience; he sticks to the point that adults live in accordance with game rules of the real world. Personal experience shows that adults of modern generation wait for the fulfillment of American dream switching to their imagination. The real life shows that people used to live according to the principles they experienced in their childhood, the same was stated by Freud in his theory. People are expecting to be told what to do and predict all their steps. The aspects described by the Freud can be confirmed by real actions of adult development as people of middle age live in the reflection of their childhood.
Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood
Erik Erikson managed to develop the model of psychological life circle describing eight ages of human existence. He stressed that the last three stages analyzed in his theory are devoted to the description of adulthood and all possible crisis of this stage. The period of young adulthood is usually followed by “intimacy versus isolation” problem. This stage is connected with the formation of difficulties in interpersonal relationships, to be more exact family crisis. Adults face emotional instability requiring support and moral harmony with the society. Erikson stressed that the stage of early adulthood can be characterized through the process of self realization.
Old and New Rules
People used to live according to habitual principle of life being not fond of any changes. The model of existence and life process was flowed by the old rules accepted in the society being the following: the linear rule, learning, outside in rule and the steady state one. This old paradigm formed the life being process of humanity but it was broken by cultural and social changes experienced by contemporary generations.
New paradigm is considered to be the process of self renewing being controlled by chapters and cycles and making the best empowering model of modern life. People measure their life in script units giving complete description of their personalities. Self responsibility and personal confidence are the background of new rule paradigm. People try to learn cooperating with changes growing and discovering mysteries of transformed modernity. The new rules contradict the theories of adulthood development where people live in accordance with usual standards and accepted principles; new world requires changes and flexibility and people are to live in accordance with social, psychological and cultural changes.