Research Sampling
Stratified sampling will be used as part of this study as it has several essential characteristics for studying falls in people who have experienced a stroke. The overall population is split into smaller groups or strata to complete the sampling process (Arnab, 2018). The strata are created using some of the population’s common traits. After stratifying the population, the researcher proportionally picks a sample at random. Age, gender, nationality, job profile, and educational level are all used to classify the population into subgroups. Stratified sampling is utilized when a researcher wishes to learn more about the existing relationships between different groups (Arnab, 2018). This is because the frequency of stroke in population groups is different respectively; thus, to find a correlation between these factors, this sampling method is necessary. It is generally believed that stroke occurs only in the elderly. However, the disease has been rapidly “getting younger” in recent decades; thus, an attack can happen as early as 40 years or even earlier.
Thus, a population consisting of men and women aged at least 45-50 years who have experienced falls will be studied. In order to create inclusiveness in this study, it should be noted that the population will be divided into two groups (Arnab, 2018). The fact is that the statistics of falls and the manifestations of stroke in men and women are different. Therefore, it is necessary to divide them into two groups and make a single group in proportion to their number. Participants from these two groups will be selected randomly; however, several criteria should be clarified to ensure inclusiveness. It is necessary to choose an equal number of people corresponding to their gender, race and financial situation (Arnab, 2018). Thus, the proportional distribution of study participants will represent the general population of people who experienced falls after a stroke. In addition, by creating mandatory criteria, it will be possible to study various groups based on their age, gender, race and financial situation.
Ethical Recruitment
It is essential mentioning that research involvement must be voluntary. As a result, the research should be presented so that participants have enough time and freedom to decide whether they want to participate. In addition, it is necessary to consider privacy since the use of data on falls during a stroke for many people may seem unacceptable (Arigo et al., 2018). In order to recruit participants equitably, it is necessary to provide them with all the necessary information about the research being conducted. It should only contain information that assists potential participants in determining their level of interest and eligibility.
Technical or scientific jargon should be avoided; information should be conveyed clearly, concisely, and in simpler terms. In terms of expressing consent, specific ethical considerations may also arise. This may be because people may be offered rewards or promises that their health can improve. Therefore, to conduct a more fair and honest study, it is important to avoid such cases. In order to collect consent, it is necessary to provide participants with detailed information about the study (Arigo et al., 2018). The purpose of the study should also be noted because it will allow people to understand its essence. Thus, invitations with contact information will be sent out so those who wish can participate.
Data Collection
Medical workers maintain professional standards of work and are responsible for their professional and scientific activities. That is why data collection must comply with the criteria of honesty and impartiality. Anything that might affect participants’ physical or emotional well-being should be avoided or minimized. Furthermore, researchers must strive to stay objective and neutral, with no personal biases or prejudices interfering with data collection (Facca et al., 2020). This study will collect information about age, gender, race, and degree of stroke. In addition, a more critical aspect is the determination of each participant’s falls per year and how their condition has changed after undergoing medical intervention. Thus, statistical information will be obtained, and the personal attitude of the participants to what helped them reduce the number of falls will also be determined. If the participants decide to leave the study, then this decision should not be hindered since participation is voluntary (Facca et al., 2020). However, if possible, it is necessary to determine the reasons for such a decision, but if this is denied, the researcher should not insist.
Reporting
Honoring patents, copyrights, and other types of intellectual property is one of the most crucial components. Without authorization, the researcher should not use unpublished data, methods, or results. Furthermore, any contributions to research should be appropriately acknowledged or credited (Milton, 2018). In addition, an important aspect is that each study should bring new ideas and knowledge to the field of a particular science. Thus, it is worth mentioning that the repetition of already conducted studies should be avoided (Milton, 2018). Moreover, ideally, this paper should provide additional information that can be used by other scientists or students who want to make a reference to this study (Milton, 2018). Furthermore, the most crucial point of ethical reporting is to preserve the confidentiality of the data of the study participants. Stroke is a serious disease; therefore, participants must be sure that their information is not publicly available. The confidentiality of medical research participants is protected by several procedures, such as informed consent, compliance with medical privacy laws, and transparency in how patient data is collected and analyzed.
References
Arigo, D., Pagoto, S., Carter-Harris, L., Lillie, S. E., & Nebeker, C. (2018). Using social media for health research: Methodological and ethical considerations for recruitment and intervention delivery. Digital Health, 4, 205520761877175.
Arnab, R. (2018). Survey sampling theory and applications (1st ed.). Academic Press.
Facca, D., Smith, M. J., Shelley, J., Lizotte, D., & Donelle, L. (2020). Exploring the ethical issues in research using digital data collection strategies with minors: A scoping review. Plos One, 15(8), e0237875.
Milton, C. L. (2018). Ethics and the reporting of research findings. Nursing Science Quarterly, 32(1), 23–24.