From the Chemical Components to the Whole Body Essay (Article)

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Connective Tissue

Connective tissue is one of the four types of animal and human tissue, which develops from the mesoderm and is found in between other tissues everywhere in the body. Its cells are dispersed in a matrix, which typically needs them to produce a significant amount of extracellular material. In the functioning of connective tissue, the matrix plays a vital role. Connective tissues have a great variety of forms, which, however, have three standard characteristic components: protein fibers, large amounts of amorphous ground substance, and cells. It is rather evident from the name of the tissue that its principal function is to connect and support organs and other tissues. Moreover, another primary feature of connective tissue is protection: fibrous capsules and bones keep the skeletal system and delicate organs safe.

Neural Tissue

Neural tissue is the primary component of the central and peripheral nervous system, which includes the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. It mainly consists of neurons – specialized nerve cells that can conduct and generate neuroglia, which neural tissue also consists of, and nerve impulses. Neuroglia has specific supporting cells that help to provide electrical insulation, give physical support, and remove the debris. Communication and integration are the two main functions of nervous tissue. It conducts electric signals across tissue and, thus, forms the communication network of the nervous system, which lets people experience stimuli and then make a response.

Muscle Tissue

Muscle tissue may be defined as soft tissue that gives rise to muscles’ ability to contract and composes them in the body. The primary function of muscle tissue is movement since it is the only tissue that can contract and move the other parts of the body. There is another function of muscle tissue that is related to the first one and is also rather essential. Its purpose is to maintain the body’s posture and position.

Types of Neurons

The brain and the nervous system consist of special cells – neurons, and in the spinal cord, there are three types of them: sensory, motor, and interneurons. In order to understand how they work together and support each other, it is necessary to explain them and their functions. Sensory neurons are specific nerve cells that may be activated by any sensory input from the environment. The fire and sends off certain signals to the rest of the nervous system about the information they have received. Motor neurons are part of the central nervous system and connect to organs, glands, and muscles throughout the body. Their function is to transfer impulses from the spinal cord to smooth and skeletal muscles and control all bodily movements. As for interneurons, their purpose is to connect sensory neurons and spinal motor. The mutual work of these three types of neurons is demonstrated by interneurons transferring signals between motor and sensory ones.

Cross-Linking of Actin Filaments

Actin filaments cross-linking is a crucial cell motility process and is a fundamental step in lamellipodia formation and filopodia protrusion. Myosins are particular motor proteins that play a significant role in the cytoskeletal function and enable the cross-linking of actin filaments. They interact with them and couple ATP hydrolysis to conformational changes, and this process results in the movement of an actin filament and myosin relative to each other.

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