Introduction
Erik Erikson was a developmental psychologist who propositioned a psychosocial development theory centered across the lifespan. As stated in his theory, individuals undergo eight stages of development, each marked by a distinctive crisis or challenge that requires resolution (Gunderman, 2022). The stage of development for ages 7 to 11 is termed Industry vs. Inferiority, and it involves a child’s struggle to develop a feeling of competence and command over their environment.
Industry vs. Inferiority Stage of Development
During the Industry vs. Inferiority stage, children usually develop a sense of competence and mastery in their surroundings. They are excited to learn new skills and try novel challenges, such as reading and riding a bike. Erikson used the term “industry” to explain a child’s sense of productivity and achievement, which comes from the success that they experience after accomplishing these tasks (Maree, 2021). Conversely, when children fail to master new skills or fulfill the expectations of others, they possibly develop a feeling of “inferiority” because they start doubting their abilities (Gunderman, 2022). Children’s central crisis in this stage is the struggle to balance their desire to achieve with the fear of failure and the possibility of criticism.
The first example to illustrate this stage is a 9-year-old child who struggles with math. While the child works hard and receives assistance from parents and teachers, they can still not achieve the competence attained by their peers. Eventually, the child may feel inferior and doubt their abilities. Another example is a 10-year-old who has been a good footballer; however, as they join a middle school, competition heightens, and they begin to doubt their ability due to fear of failure.
Conclusion
Erik Erikson’s Industry vs. Inferiority phase is a significant period in child development that determines the child’s self-esteem and self-identity. By comprehending the key issues children face during this stage, we can help them develop a healthy sense of industry and avoid the pitfalls of inferiority. Providing children with chances to learn novel skills and pursue new challenges while supporting them in their failures and setbacks can assist them in building resilience and confidence in their engagements.
References
Gunderman, R. B. (2022). Psychology and ethics: Erik Erikson. Pediatric Radiology, 52(8), 1420-1422. Web.
Maree, J. G. (2021). The psychosocial development theory of Erik Erikson: Critical overview. Early Child Development and Care, 191(7-8), 1107-1121. Web.