Introduction
In the summer of 1776, the American Revolutionary War began when war broke out between Great Britain and her Thirteen Colonies. This war period was when American colonists were becoming discontented with British policies concerning tax policy, provisions, and even safety (Pohl, 10). John Trumball was a veteran who served for nearly ten years in all three branches of the military — Continental Army, New York State Militia, and Continental Navy forces — because his patriotism spurred him to do that. John Trumball was instrumental in bringing together the several states’ militias to fight as one against the British throughout the war (Pohl, 10). John Trumball was one of the most talented portrait artists of his day.
He was born in England and got his start as an apprentice to Benjamin West, who was considered the father of American painting. His later works were considered among the best-known portraits in American history. The death of the General in the attack is just one example of his artistry (Pohl). The author describes how he started as a carpenter, explaining his work with his own hands. He shares some interesting facts on how he developed from being just a carpenter to becoming an influential artist of the time. This essay will explore the context of the painting, analyze quotes from historical reviews, and provide an interpretation of the artwork to illustrate better how these factorsDeath contributed to the artwork’s fame.
Summary
The Portrait of the death by John Trumball is a well-known illustration of the power of art to influence public perception. In this case, his painting inspired American revolutionary leader Thomas Paine to write Common Sense. Trumbull was one of the first artists to be commissioned by Congress to create portraits and battle scenes for military displays at the new United States Capitol in Washington, DC. Trumbull was born into an artistic family and trained as a portrait painter. He lived in England for some time before returning to the United States, where he established himself as an artist.
George Washington commissioned Trumball’s work for a dinner party at Mount Vernon in late 1787 or 1788. It depicts the battle between British and French forces at Quebec City during the American Revolution (Bindman, 15). Two soldiers are shown fighting at the base of Mt. Carleton, while another soldier lies dead on the ground nearby (Pohl, 11). One of the soldiers looks to have been fatally wounded by an arrow or other pointed weapon to the head. He clutches his chest with a look of shock on his face. An expression is seen in portraits of death scenes from that period. Gunshot wounds can be seen all over the second man’s body, and he lies limp and lifeless on the ground.
The painting is set in an idealized forest setting with a pond and bare spruce trees except for a few leaves. A few clouds can be seen above and to the left, and in front of the people are trees and bushes. (Bindman, 22). Two men can be seen in this area; one is standing next to a tree trunk, while the other is sitting on an upended log. Both men wear dark clothing and their faces are covered with hats or helmets. Their feet seem to be planted firmly on the ground, unlike most soldiers at this time who were expected to march rapidly through rugged terrain for long periods without rest.
Trumball used several techniques to make this painting stand out from other historical pictures. For example, he used a very high vantage point to view the action, giving the viewer a sense of being with him. He also included details that give viewers more information about what they are seeing than they would get from looking at other paintings from this period (Lennox). Trumball’s use of light and shadow also helps make this painting unique. He ensures that every detail is given its place in the overall composition so that no single element dominates another one.
Analysis
Montgomery was a hero to many Americans after he led an American force to victory over the British during the Revolutionary War, but he became a controversial figure before his death. He was known for his leadership skills and stubbornness, which led him to disagree with George Washington on several occasions. In 1786, during the French and Indian War, General Richard Montgomery conducted an assault on Quebec (Neil). The objective of the attack was to capture the city and end the war. However, after a bloody battle, Montgomery lost his life. The demise of the General in the attack captures this event in time. Trumbull painted it after hearing about Montgomery’s death and wanted to memorialize him for what he had done for America during its fight for independence from Great Britain. The image is one that has been heavily contested by historians over the years, but it remains one of the most iconic images in American history.
The painting shows Montgomery at the moment when he is shot in the head by a French soldier with a musket during an artillery fight against French forces near Quebec City. It is unknown whether Trumbull intended for viewers to interpret this as an act of cowardice or heroism. Some historians argue that both interpretations are correct, but several other significant elements in this painting contribute to how we see Montgomery’s death (Neil). Trumbull painted this scene from a low angle so that people could see all three men involved in this battle (Bindman, 25). In addition, people can see some of their faces clearly because they look directly into their eyes as they prepare for war.
It is one of the most iconic paintings in American history. The painting is remarkable for its realistic portrayal of the moment. Trumbull paints a scene that seems to unfold before people’s eyes: Washington and his troops are advancing on Montreal while French soldiers are fleeing across the river toward Quebec City (Lennox). In this way, it is more than just a historical record—it is a visceral depiction of what happened at a pivotal point in American history.
Conclusion
Artists painted and sketched the events of the American Revolution from their unique perspectives. The artists portrayed the war in many ways using architecture, the people, weapons, and imagery. John Trumbull’s painting is one of those paintings that depict a specific moment in American history. John Trumbull was an accomplished artist with numerous accomplishments in his lifetime. Still, few of these achievements were as well-known or impactful as his painting. This work of art helped to establish early American nationalism by immortalizing a pivotal moment in the War of Independence and its most famous General. This painting shows many critical features of the neoclassical period, and many believe that this painting is one of Trumbull’s most significant works. Not only does it portray military history, but it also showcases neoclassical values and knowledge.
Works Cited
Bindman, David. “Americans in London: contemporary history painting revisited.” English Accents. Routledge, 2018. 9-27.
Lennox, Jeffers. North of America: Loyalists, Indigenous Nations, and the Borders of the Long American Revolution. Yale University Press, 2022.
Neil, J. Meredith. “Toward a national taste.” Toward a National Taste. University of Hawaii Press, 2021. Web.
Pohl, Frances K. “Framing America: A Social History of American Art.” American Art 16.2 (2002): 10-12.