Introduction
Energy is a vital component of life on Earth, and the Sun is the primary energy source. The Sun generates energy through a process known as nuclear fusion, which is distinctly different from combustion, which happens when we burn something like wood or oil. This essay will discuss the fundamental difference between nuclear fusion and combustion.
Combustion vs. Nuclear Fusion
Process
The distinction between combustion and nuclear fusion lies in their processes. Combustion is burning a substance like wood and oil, where the material is oxidized and energy is discharged as heat and light (Law & Rennie, 2019). This exothermic effect implies that heat is emitted due to the response.
Conversely, nuclear fusion is the practice of uniting two light nuclei, such as hydrogen atoms, to form a more massive nucleus, such as helium (Law & Rennie, 2019). In this technique, energy is released due to mass transformation into energy. It is an instance of an endothermic effect, implying that heat is taken up due to the reaction.
Mass
Another key difference between the two processes is the mass of the inputs and outputs. In the combustion process, the mass of the fuel is equal to the mass of the products, meaning that mass is conserved (Law & Rennie, 2019). However, in nuclear fusion, the mass of the products is less than the mass of the inputs, as a portion of the mass is converted into energy. This energy is released as heat and light, powering the Sun’s activities.
Conclusion
To summarize, combustion and nuclear fusion vary in how they function and the mass of their inputs and outputs. Combustion is an exothermic reaction with equal mass for its inputs and outputs. In contrast, in nuclear fusion, the resulting outputs are smaller in mass than the original inputs, as some of the mass is converted into energy. Therefore, nuclear fusion is an efficient source of energy production compared to combustion, as more energy is released from the same amount of mass.
Reference
Law, J. & Rennie, R. (2019). A dictionary of physics. OUP Oxford.