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Nursing Education: Learning Objectives, Risk Management, and Cost-Benefit Analysis Proposal

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Creating Learning Objectives

Table 1: Learning objectives

No.ObjectiveEvaluation Method
1.Ensure that dialysis patients understand how and when to use phosphorus binder to manage their levels.Teach-back method
2.Dialysis patients should learn and appreciate the importance of physical activities within two months.Short-written questions (questionnaire)
3.Ensure that the educational material is understandable and informs lifelong evidence-based kidney disease management practices.Use of a short test

Learning objectives guide developers of education materials to synthesize the intended content and ensure that it resonates with the medical needs of the identified beneficiaries. The first one is ensuring that dialysis patients understand how and when to use phosphorus binders (see Table 1). The rationale behind this SMART learning aim is that more individuals with kidney disease encounter numerous challenges, such as increasing levels of phosphorus in the body. Binders play a useful role in overcoming this issue and helping more patients to record positive health outcomes (Thurlow et al., 2021). The inclusion of such an objective will empower and make it easier for more patients to lead high-quality lives.

The second one is ensuring that dialysis patients engage in and appreciate the importance of physical activities. The rationale behind this aim is that exercises allow the body to develop additional healing powers, reduce complications, and improve its response to medications. A proper understanding of such an objective will help more patients manage their conditions more efficiently. The third one is ensuring that material triggers or empowers the individuals to engage in various evidence-based kidney disease management practices (Nair & Cavanaugh, 2020). The reasoning or rationale for choosing this objective is that every patient intends to record positive health experiences. Such an achievement is possible when the individuals engage in a wide range of activities, including taking medications, going for dialysis, managing stress, and lifestyle changes.

To evaluate such objectives, two unique approaches are practical and applicable. The first one is to adopt the use of a teach-back method. This strategy allows individuals to present summarized versions of their views and knowledge gained from the continued adoption of the learning material. The involved interprofessional team will identify the recorded achievements, gaps, and appropriateness of the tool (Prüfe et al., 2022). The second one would entail the use of open-ended questionnaires to understand the overall comprehension of the material and whether it triggers a paradigm shift in the management of kidney disease. For the third objective, a short test would help learn more about the objective and whether desirable outcomes have been recorded. The emerging insights will guide the professionals to offer additional guidelines to make the material more understandable, applicable, and effective.

Risk Management

“Top 10” Risk Register

Project: Educating Healthcare Providers on Phosphorus Management in Hemodialysis Patients

Organization: [Insert Name]

Student Name: [Insert Name]

Table 2: Risk register

DescriptionRankTriggerMitigationContingencyStatus
Noncompliance from healthcare workers1.Reduced level of engagement and willingness to use the materialTargeted learning, personalized instructions, and continued review of the educational process2-3 sessions for every identified healthcare provider teamOngoing process
Inability to understand the presented content2.Professionals’ failure to engage in lifelong learning and absence of focus groupsPromotion of continuous learning and provision of personalized guidelines2 sessions for patients in the selected regionOngoing process
Reduced support from other professionals in the wider healthcare sector3.Absence of proper guidelines for the involvement of team members and clinicians’ unwillingness to be part of the processGuide members of interprofessional teams to be involved in the continuous management of kidney disease while empowering patients to be part of the process1 session is adequate for each team focusing on the management of kidney diseaseOngoing process
Lack of personalized content4.The developed learning material for the target population is generalized, thereby making it impossible for some professionals to be involvedConsider the importance of personalizing some of the content in such a way that it is understandable to all educators and professionals with diverse backgroundsA continuous process is needed to customize the material depending on patients’ needsOngoing process
Reduced knowledge on hemodialysis5.Some healthcare workers might lack adequate regarding the nature of kidney disease and the best ways to implement and promote hemodialysis (Brimah, 2020).Introduce additional learning sessions focusing on hemodialysis2 sessions to educate each team of healthcare workersOngoing process
Shortage of health professionals6.The absence of enough number of professionals could affect the learning process and subsequently undermine the quality of services available to the identified patientsEncouraging nurse aids and other professionals, such as physicians and dieticians, to be part of the processThis activity will be pursued throughout the project’s lifespanOngoing process
Lack of enough practicum hours7.Due to the complexity of medical practices, the absence of enough professionals, and increasing number of diseases, most of the healthcare workers might lack adequate time for this educational process (Nair & Cavanaugh, 2020).Creating adequate time for practicum hours and sensitizing professionals to engage in continuous learningThis activity will be pursued throughout the project’s lifespanOngoing process
Financial challenges8.The project could face financial and resource constraints, thereby affecting the intended outcomesLiaise with different leaders and institutions to support the effort since it works synergistically towards supporting the treatment of kidney diseaseTwo weeks will be enough for this initiativeTwo weeks (initial stages)
Time constraints9.Individuals might lack time to engage with the learning material and apply it accordingly to patients in need of hemodialysisCreate adequate time for each interprofessional team3-5 sessions for each of the developed teamOngoing process
Technological challenges10.This possibility and impact of risk is quite low since the learning material requires little technological use or inputGuide healthcare professionals to adopt and embrace the use of emerging technologies in the management of kidney disease (Ananthapavan et al., 2021).2 sessions per teamOngoing process

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Project Budget

Environmental

Item NameQuantityPrice (USD)Total Costs/Year (USD)
Rental office1(100 sq. feet)$1.5 per sq. feet x 100 = $150$1,800 (150×12)
Classroom (to rent): capable of accommodating 10 people1 (25 sq. feet per person x 10)$1.5 per sq. feet x 25 x 10 = $375$4,500 (375×12)
Parking and toiletsWill use hospital’s resourcesN/AN/A
TOTAL$6,300

Utilities

Item NameQuantityPrice (USD)Total Costs/Year (USD)
ElectricityN/A$2×120 sq. feet per month = $240$2,880
InternetN/A$80 per month$960
Office lines/telephoneN/AApprox: $100 per month$ 1,200
Online resources2 (Sources for journal articles – Evidence-based practices)$ 200 onetime membership fee for each$400
TOTAL$5,440

Equipment

Item NameQuantityPrice (USD)Total Costs/Year (USD)
Computer desk, office chairs, and table (complete set)1$600$600
Desktop/computer2$1,400$2,800
Digital projector (Epson Pro EX7260 – 720p 3LCD)1$900$900
Projector screen1$500$500
Smart TV (with inbuilt DVD player)1$500$500
Printer1$400$400
Office suppliesN/AApprox: $5,000$5,000
Maintenance servicesN/AApprox: $3,000$3,000
TOTAL$13,700

Personnel

Item NameQuantityPrice (USD)Total Costs/Year (USD)
Nurse educator1$45 per hour$93,610
Human resources tasks (hiring, advertising, recruitment, and training a qualified nurse)1&40,000 per nurse$40,000
Benefits for health professionals (leave, compensation, insurance, pension, lifelong education support, and taxes)1$40Approx: $83,000
IT consultant (services)4 hours$140 x 4$560
TOTAL$217,170

Events

Item NameQuantityPrice (USD)Total Costs/Year (USD)
Staff meetings and training sessions1 hour x 4 times for 12 months2 physicians: ($80 per hour x 2) = $160
2 Clinicians ($45 per hour x 2) = $90
2 PT ($40 per hour x 2) = $80
1 receptionist ($5 per hour) = $5
Subtotal = $335
$335 x 3 = $1,005
Miscellaneous costsN/1Approx: $2,000$2,000
TOTAL$3,005

Total Cost (Accumulative) = $6,300+5,440+13,700+217,170+3,005

=$245,615

Cost Benefit Analysis

The identified evidence-based ideas and guidelines to support this project include:

  1. The total number of patients to be served or supported in 12 months = 100(Approx 1800 hours: 18 hours).
  2. Health professionals work around 1920 hours per year (48 weeks x 40 hours/week).
  3. 12 sessions of medical guidance and disease management support lasting 90 minutes = 18 hours/patient.
  4. Kidney disease management and treatment per patient will cost around $8,000 – $12,000
  5. Continuous sessions for dialysis aimed at improving patient outcomes are effective (Umeukeje et al., 2018).
  6. Kidney transplant is costly at over $400,000 per patient (Abdi et al., 2022). Disease management and management of phosphorous levels can help mitigate this cost.

Income Acquired

Item NameDetailsPrice (USD)Total Annual Price (USD)
Patient management health services1 per patient$2,000 X 100 patients$200,000
Hemodialysis sessions12 sessions$150x100x12$180,000
TOTAL$380,000

Total Income: 380,000

Benefits/Year = $380,000-245,615 = $134,385

Summary of Results

The completed cost/benefit analysis reveals that there is a need to pursue this project and allow more patients to receive timely support and empowerment. The investigation is founded on the notion that kidney disease is one of the chronic conditions with huge economic, social, and psychological costs on patients and their respective family members. By promoting the suggested education intervention, it is evident that more patients will record positive health outcomes. They will be in a position to pursue their goals while leading high-quality lives. The elimination of additional complications associated with kidney disease will result in reduced need for kidney transplants (Thurlow et al., 2021). The continued implementation of the education intervention will guide more dialysis patients to maintain their phosphorus levels, take medications in a timely manner, and engage in physical exercises. In the long-term, the number of people in demand of dialysis will reduce significantly.

With improved health outcomes and positive reports from most of the patients, the targeted medical facilities will be in a position to focus on other diseases. This development means that the hospitals will be associated with higher reimbursement rates from CMS (Ananthapavan et al., 2021). With the overall costs of supporting the project being around 245,615 US dollars, it is agreeable that the idea is plausible. The anticipated income for the facility is around 380,000 US dollars. Additionally, this could be contrasted with $400,000 US dollars an individual would require to undergo a kidney transplant. The intervention will allow kidney disease management costs to go below the current rate of around $12,000 per patient. In the next few years, the incurred costs under this intervention program will decrease since more patients will experience improved health outcomes.

References

Abdi, F., Alinia, C., Afshari, A. T., & Yusefzadeh, H. (2022). . Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, 20(1), 37-45. Web.

Ananthapavan, J., Moodie, M., Milat, A., Veerman, L., Whittaker, E., & Carter, R. (2021). , 19(1), 147-169. Web.

Brimah, J. J. (2020). Benefit-cost analysis. Salem Press Encyclopedia.

Nair, D., & Cavanaugh, K. L. (2020). Journal of American Society of Nephrology, 31(7), 1435-1443. Web.

Prüfe, J., Pape, L., & Kreuzer, M. (2022). . Children, 9(6), 803-812. Web.

Thurlow, J. S., Joshi, M., Yan, G., Norris, K. C., Agodoa, L. Y., Yuan, C. M., & Nee, R. (2021). . American Journal of Nephrology, 52(2), 98-107. Web.

Umeukeje, E. M., Mixon, A. S., & Cavanaugh, K. L. (2018). . Patient Preference and Adherence, 4(12), 1175-1191. Web.

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