Introduction
In the usual analysis held by many scientists explain that the immune system is self-sufficient. This is to say that it is self dogmatic and occupation split and autonomous for the rest of the body. In the midst of the mounting hub on the comparatively new science of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), these aged reports are becoming less justifiable.
Psychoneuroimmunology was discovered by Dr.Robert Ader 1975 who was the director and psychosocial medicine at the New York University of Rochester. In his theory, he concluded that there is a connection among our thoughts, our wellbeing and our capability to restore our health. The theory by Dr Robert Ader gives the scientific field of study and the meaning of Psychoneuroimmunology. (Andersen, etal, 1994, p.389)
In their theory, they commented that a person’s body and its operations has forever been the theme of enormous attention to many. This science effort was to study the consequences of intellectual and emotional issues in the healing method. Their research also clarifies the protection method of the human body and its resistance to different disarray as it’s mainly influenced by psychosomatic method.
There after, Psychoneuroimmunology was extended explaining deep about the human physiology. During this stage, they now involved in the inspection of precise machine in brain which helped in to the immunity and resistance to harm. (Cohen, etal, 1991, p.325)
These adjustments in the psychosocial actions have influenced the healthiness structure of people. It is believed that stress and diseases are profoundly associated. You will find that events in people like lose of loved ones or being in a natural disaster sternly influence the immune structure.
In there theory, some changes like in hormonal balance, emotional and behavioral are variations of stress. The changes are believed to be important in preserving the operating accord of mind and body. Following a certain point, stress influences the stability in both the mental and physical status of the body. (Andersen, etal, 1994, p.389)
The theory of Walter Cannon and Hans Selye explains a certain psychopathology. To start with, psychopathology refers to either the study of mind infirmity or psychological distress the sign of behaviors and occurrences which may be indicative of psychological infirmity or mental harm.
If you look keenly, you will find that the theory has connection with psychopathology for they both speak about mental harm which may be resulted by stress. As you continue with the theory, you will find that psychopathology is subjected to the functional collapse in either the cognitive and neurocognitive structure in brain which is linked with stress. (Cohen, etal, 1991, p.327)
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis controls various endocrine functions. Unlike in the endogenous opoid structure plays a great function in the intonation of the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. “It is said that the endogenous hides the tonic opoid reticence of HPA axis actions which help in releasing the POMC derived hormones in the pituitary and cortical from the adrenal gland”. (Leserman, etal, 200, p.121)
The theories done so far shows a confirmation of a sharp boost in adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol ranks in man following intravenous combination of the opoid antagonist naloxone. It is also believed that the acute HPA axis has an effect on verbally managed naltrexone that has been carried out with comparatively diminutive sample sizes (n<10). This among others controls various endocrine functions. (Kiecolt-Glaser, &Glaser, 1999, p.103)
References List
Andersen, B. L., Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., and Glaser, R. (1994). A biobehavioral model of cancer stress and disease course. American Psychologist 49(5), 389-404.
Cohen, S., Tyrrell, D. A., and Smith, A. P. (1991). Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold. The New England Journal of Medicine 325(9), 606-12.
Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. and Glaser, R. (1999).Psychoneuroimmunology and cancer: fact or fiction? European Journal of Cancer 35, 103-107
Leserman, J., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Gaynes, B. N., Gu, H., Perkins, D. O., Silva, S. G., Folds, J. D., and Evans, D. L. (2000). Impact of stressful life events, depression, social support, coping, and cortisol on progression to AIDS. The American Journal of Psychiatry 157(8), 121-128.