Introduction
Social Disorganization is the deterioration of effective control methods that leads to ineffective functional integration. Two of the most famous sociologists of the early 20th century, Park and Burgess, are primarily recognized for founding the Chicago School of sociology (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). In reaction to city living and the complexities of social interaction in urban contexts, this philosophy of thinking formulated the concept of social disorder. Famous sociologists Shaw and McKay proposed an alternate view of social dysfunction, one that relied on the city’s social ecology, which, according to them, was generated by the socioeconomic circumstances of each neighborhood (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). Therefore, this research discusses the diverse sociological theories regarding social disorganization.
Similarities Between the Theories
Both perspectives are predicated on the notion that social order is maintained by social control. According to Park and Burgess, the dissolution of social controls results in societal chaos (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). In comparison, Shaw and McKay suggested that counter-normative behavior is the cause of social disorganization (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). Both perspectives argue that a lack of social control increases criminal activity and other social dysfunctions. Additionally, Park and Burgess believed that the physical environment is crucial for forming social order (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). Similarly, Shaw and McKay suggested that the physical environment may contribute to social upheaval (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). Both perspectives show that the physical environment can substantially affect the degree of social disorganization in a specific region.
The Differences Between the Theories
Shaw and McKay’s research concentrated on the social dynamics of neighborhoods rather than their physical characteristics. They contended that the cultural influences of the people who lived in a specific place significantly impacted the level of social disorganization in that location (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). Shaw and McKay’s research was based on ideas established at the Chicago School of Sociology, which specialized in studying metropolitan social environments (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). On the other hand, Park and Burgess focused on a community’s sociological aspects to explain why crime is more widespread in various neighborhoods (Kristin & Richelle, 2021). For example, high unemployment rates plus an influx of immigrants create a zone of turmoil. As a result, the idea focuses on addressing socioeconomic disparities and their effects on society.
Conclusion
Shaw and McKay utilized a more linear technique to explain why specific communities are more prone to crime. To explain crime, Park and Burgess employed a sociological approach. The reason is that the philosophers emphasize that social disorganization causes the disintegration of social controls. They differ, however, in their philosophical approach to social disorder, as Shaw and McKay believe that physical characteristics generate zones where individuals are more prone to commit crimes or preserve peace. Park and Burgess emphasize how inadequate social control, such as education and unemployment, contributes to crime.
Reference
Kristin A. B., & Richelle S. S. (2021). Juvenile delinquency in a diverse society. (3rd ed). Sage Publications