Executive summary
The countries that we are discussing have a common problem and also the solution to this problem should be a trilateral issue. The stakeholders on this issue are the central governments of the three countries, the local government bodies the industrial and business groups and the civil society groups interested on the issue.
The three countries must create an intergovernmental agency that will act as enforcer in the three countries for the decisions that are going to be taken.
Introduction
The countries that we are discussing have a common problem and also the solution to this problem should be a trilateral issue. The problem is how to find sustainable ways of development without damaging the natural resources and the environment. Especially how not to put much environmental pressure on the river basin, the river itself and the coastal and marine environment. The stakeholders on this issue are the central governments of the three countries, the local government bodies the industrial and business groups and the civil society groups interested on the issue.
Stakeholder and governance analysis
From the agreement of 1987 between the two coastal countries and the lack of its implementation it is clear that there is not enough coordination among the stakeholders. Business and industrial groups can be very skeptical of any plan that will preserve the basin of the river and limit the utilization of the natural resources because this would mean a slowdown in their production. This slowdown would result in fewer profits for the companies. On the other hand the local village leaders will exert pressure on respective governments to implement such policies that would benefit their fishery-based or agricultural communities. The civil society would press for measures to be taken in order that both the above mentioned groups not to damage the environment. The central role for this issue is of the governments. They should first create the entire legal framework necessary for the implementation of what is going to come. Then, they must create an intergovernmental agency that will act as enforcer in the three countries for the decisions that are going to be taken.
Ways should be found to convince the businesses that it is in their interest to cut down pollution and environmental stress they are causing to natural resources. Government can offer incentives on tax cuts for businesses if they pursue this plan. Another way can be to offer to the business industry well developed in country S the opportunity to use the resources of country D (rich in natural resources)and the island country L with facilitating conditions if they cut down pollution and environmental stress. This way businesses will have an incentive on which they would have new markets opened and the countries D and L will have more opportunities for development.
Conclusion
The intergovernmental commission that will be formed will have the duty to decide on standards to be set. If businesses do not respect them will decide on sanctions the authority to impose sanctions should be given to this commission. Governments will have the obligation to execute them. This way we will have a more objective evaluation. Also, this commission will serve as interlocutor between local authorities, especially villages, to gather and distribute information in order that these localities adjust policies with one another.