Introduction
The effectiveness of the Master Leader Course involves a comprehensive review of the basic range of problems that military personnel may face, both in service and retirement. PTSD, one of the most common problems, can develop in any individual, non-military, at any age, and from any traumatic situation because each individual’s mental system is unique (Hegberg et al., 2019). The multiplicity of this manifestation and presentation of PTSD creates a research question focusing on the need for research into the main types of disorder and the support.
Types of PTSD
NSR should be understood as a normal and appropriate response to the trauma experienced by the individual. The military is constantly faced with traumatic events, from the easily tolerated to the most tragic, and NSR is a state of mind that runs short-term (Marlowe, 2021). Significant symptoms of NSR include anxiety and restlessness, insomnia, and a devastated state of mind, but the condition can resolve itself relatively quickly and usually does not require outside assistance.
Acute Stress Response (ASR)
The next type of experiencing PTSD is ASR, which should be considered a longer disorder phase. In addition to the symptoms mentioned earlier, ASR also brings heightened anxiety, an attempt to avoid oppressive and unpleasant memories of related events, and dissociative personality patterns into the individual’s life (Marlowe, 2021). The ASR should be characterized as a reference point for diagnosing PTSD because if this phase does not resolve quickly, the patient needs help.
Uncomplicated PTSD (UPTSD)
UPTSD is to be understood as one of the common types of PTSD characterized by symptoms such as constantly replaying the traumatic event in the mind, much greater anxiety, and reactivity. In response to such flashbacks, the individual may exhibit aggressiveness and irritability and experience nightmares (Marlowe, 2021). In terms of treatment, UPTSD is considered one of the easiest forms to treat.
Complex PTSD
Unlike the other forms of PTSD, Complex PTSD is seen in an individual who has experienced prolonged exposure to a traumatic event, which may be related to continually witnessing the death of coworkers, being in captivity, or tragedies in their personal lives (Marlowe, 2021). The main factors in the course of Complex PTSD are the low functionality of emotional regulation, internal feelings of desolation and disconnection from reality, and the practical inability to build healthy relationships with others.
Comorbid PTSD
The final form of PTSD is Comorbid PTSD, which occurs when a patient’s observed PTSD is combined with other psychosocial or psychomotor disorders, including substance use (PHCE, 2019). Characterization of core symptoms of this type is complicated as the fragmentation of specific signs of the disorder is intermingled with symptoms of the comorbid disorder. However, the individual experiences similar patterns as in Complex PTSD, only in a more complex form.
Types of Support
Military
Those currently diagnosed with PTSD may qualify for guaranteed support from the government, initiated by the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense (VA, 2022). Such support includes psychotherapy, medication if necessary, counseling, and group exercise. If a military member is experiencing problems rehabilitating in the community, support programs are designed to resolve internal conflicts and support the individual in regaining social engagement.
Veteran
For combat veterans, support is provided by the same governmental institutions. It is implemented along similar lines of work, tailored to the specific trauma and age of the individual. This includes group and teamwork, in which peers help the veteran socialize and survive the trauma, and responsible institutions resolve legal issues that arise for the veteran.
Civilian
Non-military individuals diagnosed with PTSD can receive support from personal psychologists, community centers, and mental health clinics, and most of these programs are not paid for by the government. However, some insurance packages include services to work with PTSD, and information services can be obtained through the National PTSD Center (VA, 2022). As before, support is implemented through therapy and trauma workouts, including group sessions.
Conclusion
PTSD should be viewed as a severe dysfunction of the psychological system of a person who has experienced trauma. This paper has examined different types of such dysfunction, depending on their severity and opportunities for different categories of individuals to receive support. It is important to emphasize that PTSD is not limited to a specific cohort of individuals but can manifest in different individuals in different years, so each clinical case must be examined individually.
References
Hegberg, N. J., Hayes, J. P., & Hayes, S. M. (2019). Exercise intervention in PTSD: A narrative review and rationale for implementation. Frontiers in psychiatry, 10, 1-13. Web.
Marlowe, D. H. (2021). Psychological and psychosocial consequences of combat and deployment [PDF document]. Web.
PHCE. (2019). Seeking safety for posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid substance use disorder [PDF document]. Web.
VA. (2022). PTSD treatment. US Department of Veterans Affairs. Web.