Introduction
Dulcolax is provided by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. It consists of bisacodyl, which is a laxative that is locally acting. It is derived from the diphenylmethane derivatives group and possesses dual action.
Discussion
As such, its pharmacodynamics begins with bisacodyl stimulating after hydrolysis within the large intestine. The mucosa of the large intestine that is stimulated leads to colonic peristalsis in accordance with the accumulation of water (MIMS, n.d.). Further, electrolytes are also accumulated in the colonic lumen. Stimulation of defecation occurs and transit time is reduced while the stool is softened. When the rectum is stimulated, motility and rectal fullness sensation are increased. Essentially, the natural evacuation process is triggered within the lower area of the gastrointestinal tract.
The pharmacokinetics of the laxative occur through the administration of oral or rectal orifices. Bisacodyl becomes hydrolyzed rapidly to an active principle primarily through the enteric mucosa. The highest concentration of BHPM plasma was found to be through the administration of the enteric-coated tablet. Suppositories are able to provide results in 20 minutes post-administration but the maximum levels of BHPM-plasma concentration were reached between 0.5 and 3 hours after administration. The BHPM is able to provide results locally in the lower intestines because bisacodyl-coated tablets of the laxative can resist gastric juices. As such, the main drug release occurs in the colon.
Conclusion
Patients should be aware of the special precautions when taking Dulcolax. This includes the avoidance of daily intake of the laxative or its use over extended periods of time. Prolonged use of the laxative can lead to electrolyte imbalance and hypokalaemia (EMC, n.d.). Similarly, there is the potential for dehydration which can lead to oliguria and thirst, which can be especially dangerous for patients experiencing intestinal fluid loss.
References
EMC. (n.d.). Dulcolax 5 mg Suppositories. EMC. Web.
MIMS. (n.d.). Dulcolax. MIMS. Web.