Introduction
Advancement in communication technology has brought about use of various multimedia devices. These include smart phones, iPad, iPhone and laptops among other multimedia devices. Moreover, it is predicted that the market will grow massively in future. This is mainly because the need for high data-rate transmissions of wireless network has increased tremendously. In order to address this need, several initiatives were made. These included interference management techniques, standardization efforts as well as extensive research. Furthermore, introduction of the latest fourth generation network (4G), which was aimed at improving wireless networking speeds revolutionized the industry. However, concern still reigns on ways of managing interference in 4G. This paper will therefore give an overview/introduction on 4G-interference management (Etemad and Riegel 38-39).
4G Network
Over the years, different cellular standards have been introduced to curb emerging markets. Latest of which is the 4G network that succeeded 3G. Other cellular standards introduced earlier included 1G, 2G and 3G networks. There are various types of 4G standards, the main of which include 3GPP-LTE and (WiMAX) IEEE 802.16m. Peak speed requirement for 4G network was set by (International Mobile telecommunication- Advanced) IMT-Advanced at 100Mbit/s and 1Gbit/s for high mobility communication and low mobility communication respectively. However, interference management has been an issue in 4G cellular standards as industries aim to reuse their spectrum for efficacy. Another aspect of cellular network that requires improvement is their cell capacity as well as high bit rate.
4G cellular networks have several advantages over the preceding ones, which are 1G, 2G and 3Gs. Some of these include enhancement of cellular coverage through spectrum reuse, which forms the core of interference management. Moreover, 4G networks are adaptive as opposed to the others, which are regular. Power management in 4G is also autonomous as opposed to the others, which are continuous. It is also important to note that resource allocation in 4G is cognitive which makes it much efficient as compared to the others, which are fixed. In addition, infrastructure deployment in 4G is random; this is another disparity since other networks are uniform (Evans and Baughan 293–303).
4G Interference Management
Introduction of 4G has brought about increased system capacity. However, this in turn caused SINR degradation. This is mainly because of increase in intercell interference. Whenever there is an increase in intercell interference, cell-edge capability is highly impacted as well as system output for user experience (Himayat, Talwar, Rao and Soni 86–92). In order to minimize or manage interference, 4G cellular standards are working to increase spectrum reuse. Cell-edge efficacy is very important for improved user experience over the network. Consequently, advanced techniques of interference management have been established to achieve cell-edge efficiency. Among the main solutions raised for interference management is management of radio resource, which helps to mitigate interference. In this category, several activities, which include fractional frequency reuse and power control have been explored to help mitigate on interference (Li and Sousa 1567–1571).
Conclusion
The ever-changing telecommunication industry has brought about, among others fourth generation cellular standard network. As a result, this has led to increased usage and development of multimedia devices such as smart phones, iPad, iPhone and laptops among others. Moreover, the market predicts higher growth of this industry in the immediate future. This is mainly because of the increased number of users, which resulted in increased system capacity. However, this has also come with negative effect that is increase in intercell interference, which massively affects cell-edge capability. In response, the industry is working to increase spectrum reuse to manage interference.. This is done through several methods, among which is management of radio resource. In essence, in order to achieve cell-edge efficiency, emphasis must be focused on interference management (Chandrasekhar and Andrews 3798–3809).
Works Cited
Chandrasekhar, Ping Xia and Andrews, Jeffrey. “Open vs closed access femtocells in the uplink”. In IEEE Trans. on Wireless Communications 9.12 (2010) : 3798 – 3809.
Etemad, Kamran and Riegel, Max. “Topics and updates on 4G technologies [Series Editorial]”. In IEEE Communications Magazine 48.8 (2010) : 38-39.
Evans, Barry and Baughan. Kevin. “Visions of 4G”. In Electronics and Communication Engineering Journal 4.3 (2000) : 293–303.
Himayat, Nageen, Talwar Shilpa, Rao Anil and Soni Robert. “Interference management for 4G cellular standards”. In IEEE Communications Magazine 48.8 (2010) : 86 – 92.
Li, Yang-Yang, and Sousa, Elvino. “Cognitive uplink interference management in 4G cellular femtocells”. In 21th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC ’10), in reviewing 21.1 (2010) : 1567 – 1571.