Introduction
Academic dishonesty is a permanent issue at all levels of education at school and in universities. Researchers explore the motives, intentions, and conditions that provoke such behavior. Students can cheat themselves or use the services of professional ghostwriters. The purpose of this paper is to classify academic dishonesty.
Main body
Students use the author’s materials without permission and present their information without any proof of its authenticity. They help others to use the academic information illegally and cite without naming authors. All previously mentioned can be summarized in four main types of academic dishonesty.
The definition of academic dishonesty is as follows: “The first type of academic dishonesty is cheating, which includes the intentional use or attempted use of unauthorized materials or information in an examination. Secondly, there is fabrication or invention of any information or citation. Thirdly, facilitation relates to behaviors that assist other students in engaging in academic dishonesty. The final form of academic dishonesty under Pavela’s definition is plagiarism” (Eriksson & McGee, 2015, par. 6).
In the Western tradition, plagiarism is “the unauthorized use or misrepresentation of the thoughts of another author as one’s own” (Simpson, 2016). Nevertheless, this point of view is not universal. In some cultures, copying an author’s words is a form of gratitude and respect. Researchers connect academic dishonesty to such personal traits as neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (Giluk & Postlethwaite, 2015). Miller, Murdock, and Grotewiel (2017) claim that the rates of cheating do not depend on the success of students (p. 1). Even higher-achieving students demonstrate academic dishonesty.
Conclusion
The issue of academic dishonesty remains unresolved. Students continue to cheat in several ways themselves or with the help of professional ghostwriters. The definition of academic dishonesty is complex and consists of four parts. One of the most serious types of academic dishonesty is plagiarism. By signing this paper, I hereby pledge that it is my work except for the parts that are properly documented. I promise not to be dishonest and not to plagiarize.
References
Eriksson, L., & McGee, T. R. (2015). Academic dishonesty amongst Australian criminal justice and policing university students: Individual and contextual factors. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 11(1), 5.
Simpson, D. (2016). Academic dishonesty: An international student perspective. Academic Perspectives in Higher Education, 2(1), 5.
Giluk, T. L., & Postlethwaite, B. E. (2015). Big Five personality and academic dishonesty: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 59-67.
Miller, A. D., Murdock, T. B., & Grotewiel, M. M. (2017). Addressing academic dishonesty among the highest achievers. Theory Into Practice, 1-8.