Introduction
Counseling can be outlined as a process where the psychological well-being of a client is enhanced and well-focused and able to reach his/her full potential (Stein H. 1991). However, Alfred Adler who had turned out to become a very vigorous and successful person had an Adlerian theory, which is individual psychology. Moreover, this theory had become a single motivating force, which was behind behavior and experience. He called this motivation force the striving for perfection of which he later comes to call the aggression force (Stein H. 1991).
Alfred Adler’s theoretical model
Through Alfred Adler’s theoretical model, he came to articulate his theory of personality and system of psychotherapy (Stein H, 1991).
However, there is the relevancy and practical application of Adlerian theory in the framework of counseling the center of Adler has incorporated compound of philosophy, practice, and theory was an optimistic vision of life. Effectively, through counseling, he showed that human beings were capable of replicate cooperation in living together and motivating for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and giving to the common welfare of which he offered as value-oriented psychology. This Adlerian theory predicted that if human beings do not cooperate, in due course they would have the possibility of annihilating each other (Ursula E, Alan E. 2002).
Adler distilled the application of the human condition into one main idea of which he relevantly brought the concept of the social human. Moreover, people are practically interconnected with others and the environment surrounding each of them. This is effective with concern to the counseling framework and the personality development of the human condition.
However, still, on the relevancy of the Adlerian theory, Adler had a view of psychopathology. He conceived of psychological disturbances occurring in the presence of two main conditions (Stein H. 1991). These conditions were inadequately residential feelings of community and the next one being on inflated business feeling (Ursula E, Alan E. 2002). Under these two conditions mentioned that are pinpointing to the framework of counseling, an individual might undergo or expect failure before a task that seems impossible and may become depressed.
When a person is discouraged over something, he expected he/she turns to fictional means to relieve their inadequacy feelings. These fictional means are tricks used to avoid impossible difficulties. Generally, these tricks give one a confronting but flimsy feeling of dominance.
For example, a man who was pampered a child may give up looking for work and is discouraged hence depend on his parents.
This forcing the parents to assist him, bring about a feeling of power and superiority that compensates for his feelings of inferiority (Ursula E, Alan E. 2002).
Through practical application of Adlerian theory and the relation to counseling therapists who practice counseling can use his classical stages of psychotherapy. There are 12 stages of classical Adlerian psychotherapy used for teaching purposes and within each stage; cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes are practiced. Empathy and encouragement are presented in the twelve stages of classical psychotherapy of which reflect progressive strategies of initiating a client’s immature feeling of society.
Effectively these Adlerian psychotherapy stages are as follows, and starting from the first stage, we have; empathy, relationship stage, information stage, clarification stage, encouragement stage, interpretation, and recognition stage, knowing stage missing experience stage, doing differently stage, reinforcement stage, community feeling stage, goal redirection stage and finally support and launching stage (Stein H. 1991). These stages are used by therapists to practice counseling for their clients.
However, there are still therapeutic techniques where Adlerian practice, demands various strategies that ensemble the individuality of each client and hold the therapeutic opportunity given by the client in each session undertaken. Moreover, a unique therapy is formed for each client.
The unique techniques used on the client depend on the direction that seems accessible at that particular moment.
Current classical Adlerian therapeutic technique is characterized by four main strategies, this is; assessment, Socratic questioning, guided and eidetic imagery, and role-playing (Ursula E, Alan E. 2002). This brings the about good practice of Adlerian theory.
Conclusion
Adlerian psychotherapy is an art and not a science, because of this Adlerian theory must be practiced with the integrity of the art.
The therapist must practice honestly even though it is classified on theory, philosophy, and principles.
Moreover, Adler had believed that the reason for psychotherapy was to help individuals give to the social evolution of human beings (Stein H. 1991).
Reference
Stein Henry, (1991). “Adler and Socrate; Similarities and Diffrences,” Individual psychology, 47, 241-246.
Ursula E. Oberst, Alan E-Stewart, (2002). “Adlerian Psychotherapy”, Routledge.