Planning Before Teaching
Identification of Focus for Community Teaching
The impact of physical activity on disease prevention.
Epidemiological Rationale for Topic
Only 19.3 percent of the American population do sports, exercise, and other active leisure activities on a daily basis (Lange, 2021). At the same time, the number of people who suffer from obesity and diabetes mellitus is steadily increasing (Zia et al., 2018). Experts claim that by 2050 more than a quarter of adults in the US will be diabetic (Zia et al., 2018). By 2030, obesity will lead to “six million new cases of diabetes and five million new cases of coronary heart disease and stroke” (Zia et al., 2018, p. 54). Health promotion is one of the most effective ways to reduce the number of people diagnosed with the aforementioned conditions.
Teaching Plan Criteria
Nursing Diagnosis
Low physical activity provoked by a sedentary lifestyle and evidenced by excessive weight, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and muscular delicacy.
Readiness for Learning
A student is ready for learning when he or she starts thinking about implementing specific changes in lifestyle related to physical activity level. Such a person is highly likely not to know where to start and needs the assistance of a specialist.
Learning Theory to Be Utilized
The teaching applies the humanism learning theory because its focus is directed at the learners, not materials or education methods. This theory suggests that each student should have unique goals and the teacher’s task is to help the mentees achieve these goals. In our case, every person has personal reasons to increase the daily physical activity rates, and, hence, a nurse should shape education in such a way that it will correspond to the learners’ purposes.
Goal
Healthy People 2020 project proposes several goals that are appropriate for teaching. The first one is “PA-1: Reduce the proportion of adults who engage in no leisure-time physical activity” (HealthyPeople.gov). The other two are “PA-2: Increase the proportion of adults who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity and for muscle-strengthening activity” and “PA-3: Increase the proportion of adolescents who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity and for muscle-strengthening activity” (HealthyPeople.gov). The rationale for using these HP2020 objectives is that the increase of physical activity levels helps prevent multiple diseases and improve the health status of American citizens.
HP2020 Objectives and Alma Ata’s Health for All Global Initiatives
The major tenet promoted by Alma Ata’s Health for All Global Initiatives is that physical well-being is a fundamental human right (WTO, 1978). Therefore, national governments should be concerned with the well-being of the citizens. As it has already been mentioned, the percentage of physically inactive, obese, and diabetic Americans is gradually increasing and the government should tackle this problem. The percentage of Americans with these problems will significantly decrease if the previously mentioned HP2020 objectives are achieved.
Behavioral Objectives, Content, and Strategies/Methods
Creativity
The proposed teaching methods are creative because they are based not on the emotionless delivery of lectures but not encouraging communication between the participants. Furthermore, the learners are forced to investigate their emotions and feelings. Another point contributing to creativity is that the educator uses presentations and interactive maps to visualize the speech.
Planned Evaluation of Objectives
- The first objective is to decrease the proportion of adults who are not engaged in leisure-time physical activity. This could be measured by the survey of the participants before and after the teaching.
- The second objective is to increase the proportion of physically active adults. The best way to know whether this objective was achieved is to analyze the lifestyle of adults before and after the teaching.
- The third objective is to increase the proportion of physically active adolescents. This could be evaluated by comparing the physical activity rates of young people before and after the teaching.
Planned Evaluation of Goal
The overall effectiveness of the teaching plan could be measured by comparing the number of people who began to change their lifestyle after the completion of the course with the number of people who experienced no significant changes in daily physical activity.
Planned Evaluation of Lesson and Teacher
The criteria for lesson evaluation include the level of the audiences engagement and the clarity of new information. The teachers evaluation includes such criteria as competence, openness to questions and suggestions, and learners satisfaction with the classes.
Barriers
The primary barrier arises from the lack of motivation of students to keep on attending classes. To prevent this situation, the teacher should actively involve them from the first lecture and not let them lose interest.
Therapeutic Communication
Communicate therapeutically with patients
The best way to begin the presentation is to introduce yourself and provide the personal story of the transition from an inactive person to an active one. This way, the audience will understand that this goal is achievable. I will interact with the learners, ask questions, and incorporate a few jokes to exhibit active listening. The presentation is tailored so that there is enough time for communication with the audience because this will not let them get bored. The presentation will be concluded with a specific question on the topic to which the audience should find an answer. I will employ such nonverbal communication techniques as eye contact, posture and gestures, and emotions during the presentation.
References
HealthyPeople.gov (n.d.). Physical Activity. Web.
Lange, D. (2021). Physical Activity – Statistics & Facts. Statista.
World Trade Organization [WTO] (1978). Declaration of Alma-Ata. R
Zia, A., Siddiqui, H. U., Mohiuddin, H., & Gul, S. (2018). Leveling-off of declining trend of cardiovascular disease-related mortality in the USA: The challenge to rein in obesity and diabetes epidemic. Cardiovascular Endocrinology and Metabolism, 7(2), 54-55.