Introduction
Women were initially highly discouraged from becoming certified psychologists because it was a career for men. Currently, the number of women psychiatrists surpasses that of men. Also, contemporary psychiatry embraces cross-cultural psychology, which recognizes the diversity in the growth and development of psychological notions influenced by cultural and ethnic backgrounds (Feldman, 2021). Moreover, people have realized the relationship between psychology and other disciplines.
Discussion
Despite earlier beliefs that restricted women from pursuing psychology, several women have made noteworthy contributions to this field. A perfect illustration of such a woman is Margaret Floy Washburn as she was the first woman to receive a doctorate in psychology (Feldman, 2021). Another excellent example was Leta Stetter Hollingworth, who challenged the sexist belief that the capabilities of women plummeted during moments of their menstruation periods.
Clinical psychiatry directly diagnoses and treats mental health disorders in patients. One should have a medical degree, have completed a psychiatric residency, and be licensed, which takes five years. Research psychiatry involves a critical analysis of mental illnesses and their remedies scientifically. Research psychiatrists might work in academia, laboratories, or the pharmaceutical sector. A doctorate in psychology or a similar field is typically necessary, coupled with postdoctoral research expertise, hence taking approximately eight years.
Evolutionary psychology seeks to unveil how people’s behavior is influenced by their genes. An example of human behavior within this field is the unconscious preference for partners with particular attributes (Feldman, 2021). Behavioral genetics considers how humans inherit particular behaviors and the role of the environment (Feldman, 2021). A field worth studying within behavioral genetics is adoption studies. Clinical neuropsychology integrates neuroscience and clinical psychology to understand biological factors and the emergence of psychological complications (Feldman, 2021). An interesting field within clinical neuropsychology is the study of factors that affect an individual’s learning progression.
Conclusion
The cognitive viewpoint stresses the thought patterns involved in perception, thought, and memory. Ulric Neisser and George Miller are two prominent psychologists affiliated with this perspective (Feldman, 2021). The behavioral approach considers one’s reaction to environmental stimuli and concentrates on observable behavior. John Watson and B.F. Skinner is two notable psychologists who have excelled in this field (Robert S. Feldman, n.d.). The biological perspective concerns the genetic and physiological elements that determine thoughts and behavior (Feldman, 2021). Eric Kandel and Jaak Panksepp are two prominent psychologists who profoundly understand this perspective.
Reference
Feldman, R. S. (2021). Understanding Psychology, 15th ed. (15). New York: McGraw Hill Education.