Information technology today plays a crucial role in everyday life. They occupy a unique position in our society and not only influence its economic and social institutions but are also the engine of global economic growth, penetrating into all areas of production activity and making it possible to build effective management systems. Therefore, there will be an increase in the volume of work performed, a reduction in design time and an increase in the quality of work through the use of technology in the next five years.
New technologies are the main driving force in addition to the existing world market forces. A few key components, including microprocessors, local networks, robotics, specialized workstations, sensors, programmable controllers, turned the concept of an automated enterprise into reality. However, at present, technology can also be a constraint: the lack of interoperability of automation tools makes its implementation irrational. This is due to the explosive expansion of IT, whereby product standardization has not kept pace with technical standards (Sagic et al., 2019). On the other hand, as a result of more active marketing activities and success in the dissemination of IT, the capture of a large market share by any company, its use becomes the standard for everyone else.
The Internet is an ideal source for information, as well as a great tool for communication and building your own business. In other words, the Internet provides great opportunities for a person, which, if used correctly, can benefit him. The main idea of the Internet is the open dissemination of information, as well as the establishment of links between individuals. In the previous years, social networks have gained immense popularity allowing communication. Currently, voice assistants have emerged as alternative ways to communicate. In the next five years, this will turn the attention of companies to the use of new technologies in broader business areas in order to attract and retain customers as well as to enhance the operational processes.
At the moment, information technologies are widely used to improve the quality of education and medical care, as well as to develop the information and telecommunications structure. Even now, companies are able to combine all industries into one system and manage it with the help of modern information technologies. An important role is occupied by artificial intelligence and the Internet of things. The Internet of Things requires the processing of a large amount of information in real time. Devices connected to the network generate huge amounts of data that will need to be processed, analyzed, and stored (Kumar et al., 2020). Artificial intelligence and its subsection machine learning as a direction in science solve the problem of learning and thinking of a computer.
At the moment, there are several trends that characterize the state of information technology. The first of these is the presence of a large number of databases containing information on almost all types of activities of the company. Additionally, the creation of technologies that provide interactive access of an ordinary user to these information resources is highlighted. Thirdly, there is an increase in functionality and the creation of local, multifunctional problem-oriented information systems (Sagic et al., 2019). Moreover, there is an inclusion in information systems of various technological tools and specialized user interfaces for interacting with expert systems.
As the number of technologies increases, so does the volume of threats. Information security, in the broadest sense, is a set of means of protecting information from accidental or intentional exposure. Regardless of what underlies the impact, natural factors, or artificial causes, the owner of the information bears losses. An information threat is a potential impact or impact on an automated system with the subsequent infliction of loss on someone’s needs. The person who has committed an offense (gained unauthorized access to information, or security systems have been hacked) has the possibility of causing damage (Voropai et al., 2020). Internal threats can also be represented by incorrect work with hardware and software. Additionally, damage can be caused regardless of the subject possessing the information, but as a result of external factors and influences (man-made disasters, natural disasters).
Impacts of the data loss include loss of intellectual or proprietary information, costs, and many others. In order to mitigate the external risks, it is required to build and maintain a secure network and systems (installing firewalls to protect data). Additionally, to combat both external and internal risks, it is important to regularly monitor and test networks (security audits, scans, alternate vendors). In order to mitigate the internal risks, it is important to ensure the network’s physical security and alarmed access.
In conclusion, in the context of the development of modern society, information technology deeply penetrates people’s lives. They very quickly turned into a vital stimulus for the development of not only the world economy but also other spheres of human activity. Now it is difficult to find an area in which information technology is not used. The speed of information exchange increases, and it becomes possible to carry out complex mathematical calculations in a few seconds and much more. Information technology is one of the modern ways of communication, the main advantages of which are public accessibility.
References
Kumar, A., Gupta, P. K., & Srivastava, A. (2020). A review of modern technologies for tackling COVID-19 pandemic.Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(4), 569-573.
Sagic, Z., Dikovic, L., Trumbulovic, L., & Vujovic, S. (2019). Intellectual capital and leading information technology trends as components of a modern company development.Ekonomika Preduzeca, 67(3-4), 288-296.
Voropai, N. I., Kolosok, I. N., Korkina, E. S., & Osak, A. B. (2020). Issues of cybersecurity in electric power systems. Energy Systems Research, 3(10), 19-28.