My research topic is the prevention of diabetes and its consequences, and the articles that have been used to study it clearly outline the scope of change. For example, Matte et al. (2017) point to the problem of insufficient physical activity in people living with diabetes. At the same time, Ford et al. (2021) offers an educational program as an option for prevention and demonstrate its effectiveness. For this reason, the PICOT question will focus on this problem and the population group.
The authors of the mentioned articles include different populations in their studies, namely people living with type 2 diabetes and people with prediabetes; however, a given population can be expanded. The people that require intervention are those with a high risk of diabetes. This group includes people who have insufficient physical activity, unhealthy dietary habits, and obesity. This fact is confirmed by a search in the scientific search engine for the keywords “prevention”, “diabetes”, “risk factors”, “physical activity”, and others. All of these queries are relevant and demonstrate the importance of including people at high risk of acquiring diabetes in the intervention. The primary intervention measures defined by Fort et al. (2021) are appropriate for the given population. These measures are lectures to increase physical activity and improve dietary habits, the creation of an individual nutritional plan, and, if necessary, medication support (Fort et al., 2021). The duration of the course of the educational program, which will include these measures, is one year. According to the findings of Ford et al. (2021), this intervention will positively affect participants’ physical activity levels and reduce the risks of developing type 2 diabetes. At the same time, since the program cannot cover all populations simultaneously, people at high risk of developing diabetes who do not participate in the program will be the comparison group.
Thus, the summation of all the details helps to form the PICOT question. The question might sound like this: “In people at high risk for type 2 diabetes (P), how does an education program about physical activity and dietary habits (I), compared to people not participating in the program(C), affect the likelihood of developing diabetes (O) within one year (T)?” This question will be used to develop the plan for the intervention.
References
Ford, C. N., Do, W. L., Weber, M. B., Narayan, K., Ranjani, H., & Anjana, R. M. (2021). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity changes in a diabetes prevention intervention randomized trial among South Asians with prediabetes – The D-CLIP trial. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 174.
Mathe, N., Boyle, T., Al Sayah, F., Mundt, C., Vallance, J. K., Johnson, J. A., & Johnson, S. T. (2017). Correlates of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time among adults with type 2 diabetes.Canadian Journal of Public Health, 108(4), e355–e361.