There are prominent differences in the early Christian perspective from the Jewish religion. The perception of Jesus Christ is the main difference between the religions. The appearance of Jesus Christ, his crucifixion, and death are the key events for the Christian religion, while Judaism is based on the Mosaic Law that contains ten commandments. Early Christians believe that Jesus is the Messiah, and his appearance fulfills the prophecies in the Old Covenant.
During the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus Christ comments on the Mosaic Law and uses the commandments to create the New Covenant. Jews do not believe that Jesus is the Messiah and think that the Mosaic Law is created only for Jewish people who obey all the requirements including circumcision. After his conversion, Paul the Apostle argues that the faith in Jesus Christ is enough for salvation. Jesus Christ and his followers do not try to isolate their religion by one culture.
In comparison to the early Christianity, the key elements of Second Temple Judaism are the Temple and the Priesthood. The priests become the main authorities in the theocracy while Jesus is considered as a teacher who reads his followers his own interpretations of the Mosaic Law.