Evolution is a process due to which we now have all these traits and peculiarities which make us human beings. Its discovery was a very important step in development of science. It helped people to recognize their nature and origin and understand how we managed to obtain different qualities. Evolution is a very longstanding process which becomes possible due to the influence of different factors. These factors can be change in weather, traditional occupation or something else.
Moreover, scientists usually separate four forces of evolution which are responsible for all changes which happen to living beings. They are natural selection, mutation, gene flow and genetic drift. They influence greatly the way and order in which individuals obtain new traits and adapt to changing environment. Moreover, it is due to these forces we now have a great diversity of different species which are wide spread all over the world. Evolution cannot be stopped that is why it is possible to observe it even nowadays as it helps us to survive.
As we have already said, there is a great number of different kinds of species which differ from each other. This diversity is determined by the fact that each living being has to survive in the concrete area which has its own peculiar environment. It influences greatly lifestyle of a creature which lives under certain conditions. That is why evolution helps to obtain new traits which can help this living being to survive. However, there are variations which occur among individuals from the same species.
Presence of a factor which distinguishes one individual from another is usually taken as some preparation for the next step or even the next stage of development of certain species. It happens under the influence of genetic drift, the process which helps an individual to obtain new genetic variation. Usually, it happens among small populations. This process can serve as an evidence of a longstanding character of evolution.
Genetic drift is one of four forces of evolution. They are natural selection. mutation, gene flow and genetic drift. Each of them is very important and plays a great role in the process of obtaining a new quality. Natural selection is a process which makes some peculiarities more popular as they help representatives of a population to survive, adapting to conditions of the environment.
Mutation is another force, which is strongly connected with the previous one as it makes changes in the DNA which lead to certain changes in appearance of an individual which in its turn leads to better adaptation. Another important process is gene flow. It is a process of exchange of genes, portions of DNA (Haviland, Prince, Walrath & McBride, 2012) between populations and species.
It is a very important factor as it helps to create new species and serves as a source of variation. Genetic drift is the last force which influences evolution. It is a change in allele frequency which goes from one generation to another. It is the force which also provides great variation of species as it can create two different individuals with different sets of alleles from one.
As it becomes obvious, evolution is a process which creates some new traits or even species. That is why it is possible to speak about the process of appearing of new species. Speciation is one of them. Usually, it is the process when population diverges into two or three different species. It is usually very difficult to determine speciation rate, however its results can be easily observed. Another important process which is connected with speciation and appearing of new species is isolation.
Isolation can be a result of geographic or some other kind of isolation which prevents reproduction of a population. Finally, it can lead whether to speciation, which will guarantee formation of new species, or extinction of existing population. Isolated organisms try to obtain new peculiarities which will be able to help them to survive under existing conditions. There are several examples of development of isolated species which obtain a great number of new qualities or even create a new population with different set of characteristics.
Having analyzed the data, it is possible to come to certain conclusions. First of all, it should be said the evolution plays a great role in the process of development of humanity and our planet. It is an endless and continuous process which helps species to obtain new qualities which can guarantee their survival under changing conditions.
There are four main forces of evolution which are tightly bound and influence each other. It is impossible to imagine process of evolution without natural selection or gene flow. Moreover, ability of evolution to create new species, adapting to changing conditions should be underlined. Isolation can lead to appearing of new traits or even species and this process obtained the term speciation. In conclusion, it should be said that evolution is a key process of our becoming human beings and development of our planet.
Works Cited
Haviland, W., Prince, H., Walrath, D., & McBride, B. (2012). The Essence of Anthropology. Boston: Cengage Learning. Print.