Industrialization
Industrialization can be referred to as the social and economic change of a human group from an agrarian society to an industrial one (Pomeranz, 2001). The first transformation, otherwise known as the industrial revolution, was first experienced in the mid 18th century to early 19th century. It occurred in specific areas of Western Europe and North America. The second industrial revolution took place in the mid 19th century after the invention of the steam engine and electricity as well as the construction of canals, power lines, and railways, and the invention of the internal combustion engine (Pomeranz, 2001). The latest and most current industrial revolution is seen with the computer age and the internet industry.
Factory Systems
Industrialization is associated with improvement and advances in various sectors. In the agricultural sector, industrialization played a very great role in increasing production and making work easier through the use of sturdier farm implements. The textile sector was able to make work easier and increase output because industrialization made it possible to spin dozens of threads at the same time. Coal mining improved through the use of modern machinery and safety equipment that brought about efficiency and safety within the industry despite the fact that the coal mining industry is still hazardous.
Industrialization began in England and was later spread to other regions across the world. Industrialization spread to countries that surrounded England hence making these countries wealthy and part of what is known as the Western world (Pomeranz, 2001). The western world is linked to industrial capitalism because it has made use of industrialization to increase production by use of raw materials from the countryside/third world countries like Africa which are yet to become industrialized. Industrial society is involved in massive commercial production of products to cater to a large population while using machinery aimed at reducing human labor (Pomeranz, 2001).
References
Pomeranz, K. (2001). The Great Divergence: China, Europe and the Making of the Modern World Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.