Data Collection
The research objective that was going to be addressed on this report is the use of music during simple laceration repair in the promotion of parent-led distraction in children aged 6 to 18 years. On the part of data collection, the research used assessment questionnaire forms and tables as instrument for the collection of the data. The reason for using forms and tables appear to be clear as both of the two instruments would allow easy data collection.
The check list forms facilitate the giving out of answers by the subjects while the tables allow for easy recording of the numerical data collection from the recorded forms, and this would translate to lessening of the burden during the data analysis stage. The data inserted in the tables were derived using three self-report scales, one ordinary scale and line scales. It can be stated that these were well described especially the tables which were sequential numbered accompanied by a clearly stated table titles. In addition, each part of the tables was also clearly described by having labeled with a column and row sub-titles to ease and direct the respondents on the way of feeding/filling the answers in the form.
Other several materials were disclosed and described in the study including the technician’s tools/instruments such needle. It was stated that the needle used during the laceration process was of gauge 27, hence describing the size of the needle. In addition, the researcher(s) put additional effort and went further on giving details on the instruments which were being used by the subjects to reveal the data needed.
For instance, the researcher(s) did just state that music was employed as a non-pharmacological distraction element, but they went further and distinguished the types of music which were made available to the subjects, that is whether gospels or secular music. However, it was important for them to have mentioned or given more details on the songs used, possibly by stating the producer as different individuals have different interests and are aroused differently by lyrics from the various producers.
Control
The researchers indicated that a sample of 240 individuals was used, among which eleven individuals refused to take part in the study. They also stated that one of the participants belonging to the nonintervention cohort got systematic analgesia, but they could not exclude the party at the start of the study as they were unable to perceive the party’s future reactions. Though the researcher did not state any specific value in the validation of the effects of having some of the participants refusing to take part in the study, they gave a general statement that showed that the results were not affected in any way. Accordingly, they relied in data which was collected between a certain duration and period of the day that is between 9am to 3 pm, a time during which the number of child’s patients was expected to be high.
This means that they were likely to miss those patients whom were visiting the clinic or health center in the early and late hours of the day. The researchers further showed that the approach was possible with small number of individuals and the instruments used were not appropriate to assess the pain experiences with a high value degree. While the study used individuals whom were of the same level experience in the laceration, the researchers were not in a potion to establish the state of tiredness and exhaustion among the physicians. This is a factor potential of influences the mood of the physicians and thus affects the state of children being used in the study.
Statistical Analysis
The researchers used the data of the two arms for the 240 sample size to address the question of music on pain distraction events. A larger percent of children were interested in listening music from certain source than other. The researchers employed SPSS techniques to calculate several values in various tests including t-tests, and Mann-Whitney tests. Using a t-test sampling technique, it was possible to compare the attraction and scoring of children in a particular type of music category.
Reduced regression model was employed for each of the variable of age, duration of suture to establish their effect on the change score for the various behaviors that were being measured. The researchers state that demographic and clinical results were not statistically significant on both cohorts of intervention and the nonintervention. This means that the qi-square p value was described as less than p< 0.05, which was their standard value quoted for determining the significance of comparison result in the study.
Furthermore, the F-test was used to determine the change in score of the various music categories, and proved to be an important tool because it worked very well with the SPSS programs that the researchers used. This F-test was of key importance in making the final decision on which type of music category is most suited for causing a distraction among the large number of children undergoing laceration. As the F-tests result value showed that there was no major difference between the various music categories, the researcher’s null hypothesis, which they could have been stated as “reduction of pain using music distraction technique during laceration repair does not vary with music categories” was accepted.
Reference
Johnston, C., LeMay, S., Maala, B., Rennick, J. and Sobieraj, G., (2009). The Effect of Music on Parental Participation during Pediatric Laceration Repair Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 41 (4), 68-82.