Bakhamis, L., Paul III, D. P., Smith, H., & Coustasse, A. (2019). Still an epidemic: Burnout syndrome among hospital registered nurses. The Health Care Manager, 38(1), 3-10.
Nurse burnout is a significant issue in healthcare, and this article primarily aims to address it. Registered nurses play a crucial role in American healthcare, as the article notes that the number of nurses is almost three times that of doctors and surgeons. The essay focuses on the causes and consequences of burnout among nurses working in healthcare. Inadequate staffing and an unpleasant work environment are two of the many potential causes of nurse burnout.
The study used a quantitative review strategy to sift through 53 papers; after removing 10 through reviews of both the original articles and related research, 43 made it into the final version. Researchers used databases such as Google Scholar, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, EBSCOhost, PubMed, and ProQuest to identify all publications included in the study. Since the results are inconclusive, they cannot be relied upon; thus, the research leaves room for further investigation of the subject.
Using a correlational research design, each article was peer-reviewed to ensure its validity and reliability in addressing the study’s topic. Management, organizational, job, and human factors are the four primary ways in which the articles analyzed nursing burnout. Registered nurses are understaffed due to rising turnover and increased burnout.
The results were genuine because the data sources were thoroughly examined to make sure there was no bias. Since it shows a correlation between anxiety and the rising turnover rate of healthcare nurses, the article lends credence to the PICO question. Nurse staffing and patient outcomes improve when nurses have access to practical stress management tools, which, in turn, decrease turnover and burnout.
Lee, J. (2020). The relationship between nurse staffing and nurse outcomes in nursing homes: An integrative review. Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing, 22(2), 117-125.
Lee (2020) used data to determine whether nurse staffing levels were associated with nursing outcomes, including job satisfaction, retention, and turnover rates. This work relies on 9 articles, each containing a study with supplementary data. Six studies found that more nurses led to better patient outcomes when hospital staffing levels were higher, whereas three found no such correlation.
Nine other articles, each with its data and statistics, were cited by this author. Despite the lack of original research, this assessment is quite solid because the author synthesized the findings from nine other articles. Although the presented data leans more heavily toward one side than the other, the author acknowledges that further research is necessary.
This research article benefits from the study’s reliable results, which is a strength. As indicated earlier, the findings were generally inconclusive; nonetheless, the vast majority of studies (six out of nine) found a correlation between higher staffing ratios and better nursing outcomes. These findings are universally applicable since other investigations have confirmed the author’s point. After considering all relevant outcomes, the advantages of increasing the number of nursing staff far outweigh the costs, as shown by the articles supporting this notion. This article, which focuses on improving nursing and patient outcomes through increased staffing, aligns with the PICO question.
Park, S., Park, S., Lee, Y. J., Park, C. S., Jung, Y. C., & Kim, S. (2020). Nurse staffing and health outcomes of psychiatric inpatients: A secondary analysis of National Health Insurance claims data. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 50(3), 333-348.
Park et al. (2020) sought to determine whether there was a connection between the number of nurses and patient outcomes. This was accomplished by drawing on data from 70,136 patients across 453 hospitals within the National Health Insurance program. Patients were more likely to have more extended stays and be readmitted when workloads per nurse were higher. A significant strength of the study is that the authors used data from a large patient sample, thereby enhancing the study’s credibility. The fact that they drew from a large pool of hospital records further strengthens their findings.
With the use of the SAS version. 9.4, the study’s quantitative data analysis was comprehensive and supported by informational tables. The results are valid despite Park et al. (2020) using only Korean data, given their limited geographical scope. Findings are directly related to the authors’ intended topic of discussion because they are pertinent and appropriate. The data is relevant on many levels, and the results demonstrated a correlation between understaffed nursing homes and poor patient outcomes. This article provides a clear illustration of the PICO question’s aim to uncover a similarity between patient outcomes and nurse staffing ratios.
Shah, M. K., Gandrakota, N., Cimiotti, J. P., Ghose, N., Moore, M., & Ali, M. K. (2021). Prevalence of and factors associated with nurse burnout in the US. JAMA Network Open, 4(2).
The likelihood of burnout among medical professionals has been a significant concern in American healthcare. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to quantify the prevalence of nurse burnout and investigate the causes linked to insufficient staffing, with burnout serving as the primary motivator for nurses to leave the profession. The National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses in the United States was used as the source of cross-sectional survey data for the study.
There were 50,273 participants in the study, and the researchers classified them according to age, household income, geography, ethnicity, and sex. Hours worked, primary function, and workplace context were used to stratify the data. There was a higher likelihood of burnout and turnover among nurses who worked 40 hours per week than among those who worked 20 hours per week. The article’s strength lies in its examination of burnout, a result of insufficient staffing, and the predominance of direct patient care as nurses’ primary duty.
A variety of data points were gathered from preexisting respondents to inform the research, which followed a cross-sectional design. A problem with the article is that the responders were not given any information about the study in advance. According to the study’s authors, a large number of nurses in the US leave their positions due to burnout.
The research’s data source is trustworthy, so the findings apply to a wide range of situations. A valid study would be one whose findings are helpful in a variety of scenarios. Since the research’s findings will help develop strategies to address the causes of burnout among nurses, this study is relevant to the PICO question.
Tønnessen, S., Scott, A., & Nortvedt, P. (2020). Safe and competent nursing care: An argument for a minimum standard? Nursing Ethics, 27(6).
Tonnessen et al. (2020) acknowledged that there is no clear consensus on what constitutes a minimal level of care. The authors discuss the realities of daily nursing practice, highlighting how staff shortages and resulting workload limits force nurses to prioritize specific procedures over others and often put off or skip some activities. The authors base their study and comparisons on Norwegian healthcare legislation. The lack of original research is the one honest criticism leveled against this study. The writers drew on knowledge that they had already accumulated. Since all of the data they use comes from reputable sources, this in no way casts doubt on the accuracy of their findings.
Using tables, the authors ensured the reader had all the information they needed from the study. While the lack of a formal study means that any ‘results’ should be subjective, the authors’ findings demonstrate that patients endure harm when nurses are compelled to cut back on their treatment. The study’s findings are applicable at both the national and local levels; however, they are based on Norwegian healthcare legislation. Negative consequences for patients may follow from increasing nursing workload, prioritization, and the consequent neglect of care. The need for adequate nurse-to-patient staffing ratios is directly related to this study’s PICO question, as it can eliminate care rationing.
Zhang, X. J., Song, Y., Jiang, T., Ding, N., & Shi, T. Y. (2020). Interventions to reduce burnout of physicians and nurses: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicine, 99(26).
The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the methods currently used to combat physician and nurse burnout. The article’s quantitative analysis is based on a synthesis of studies examining the efficacy of various authors’ strategies for coping with burnout over time. Sources consulted for this article include the following databases: EBSCO, Ovid, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Google, and the Cochrane Library.
The results of this study are trustworthy because two experts double-checked each article and, if necessary, a larger group was brought in to resolve any disagreements. A spreadsheet was created by extracting data from each case study using a pre-standardized abstraction form. The 22 studies that contributed to the final report were published between 2014 and 2019. The fact that nurse staffing was not the primary variable considered is a weakness of the study. Nine papers examined doctor burnout, six nurse burnout, and seven healthcare provider burnout overall.
This study used a descriptive research design and drew from a pool of high-quality, relevant literature. To combat healthcare professional burnout, the study examined a range of treatments, including those that targeted individuals, groups, and organizations, as well as those that worked in tandem. According to the research, burnout is a complex issue that calls for multidisciplinary solutions. The information and findings are trustworthy because the articles were evaluated before being included in the study. Since it outlines the many strategies that doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers may use to combat burnout, this article is crucial to resolving the PICO question.