Goff, L.S., Foody, M.J., Inzucchi, S., Katz, D., Susan T Mayne, S.T., & Krumholz, M.H. (2006). Nutrition and weight loss information in a popular diet book: is it fact, fiction, or something in between? Journal General Internal Medicine, 21(7), 769–774.
This information is derived from a secondary source, citing information from nutrition books. It is pure or fundamental research done to provide and increase knowledge on nutrition. The research methodology used in this research includes; identification of a problem and formulating a research topic as stated above. In addition, it included the objectives of the study, design or measurement, results and conclusion. The study sample was one hundred and eighty-seven nutritional facts. Questionnaires were the instrument used in the study. Out of the forty-two selected sample indicated 33% was supported as fact, 17% was supported as not fact, and 43% as supported and not supported and 3% had no related facts. This research is finding is applicable in nursing practice through providing a basis for accurate nutritional counseling by providing correct nutritional facts to the patients. It can promote health by doing the right interventions. Controlling and preventing particular diseases like diabetes and heart diseases. Promotion of health education by providing credible scientific facts on nutrition. Creating a potential nursing nutritional database where people can consult on nutritional issues.
This research finding may fit the Neuman system model since it helps to provide a maximum level of wellness by identifying the right nutrition information. The limitation faced in this journal was collecting all nutritional diet articles and categorizing the contents. Biases evident include design bias in their study. The researcher did not include some aspects of research like variables and hypotheses in the study. Sampling bias is notable; the researcher used a small sample size of one hundred and eight seven samples.
Frank M. Sacks, F.M., Bray, G.A., Vincent J. Carey, V.J., Steven R. Smith, R.S., Ryan, D.H., et al. (2009). Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates, The New England Journal of Medicine, 360(9), 859-873.
This journal is of secondary source, respondents were directly interviewed on weight loss. The is an applied type of research including theories to solve the existing weight problem. The article methodology includes; background of the study, study design, measurement, and analysis. The study design was randomized to compare effects on body weight of energy due to diets that differed in their targets for intake of macronutrients. The sample size used was eight hundred and eleven overweight adults. Observation and interviews were used as instruments in this study. Results indicated that reduction of food calories contribute to a decrease in body weight regardless of the macronutrients emphasized.
These journal findings can be applied in the management of patients presenting with obesity. Nurses can use these results in health promotion to advise the community on how to maintain a normal body mass index to prevent diseases and complications arising from being overweight. It is a guideline in the provision of nutritional counseling. This research finding may fit in the Neumans system model by ensuring a normal range of BMI to maintain body health. A special feature of this research is that; it excluded diabetic people, those with cardiovascular disease, and the unmotivated people as assessed by the questionnaires. The research limitation included; monitoring and follows up of the study population throughout the study period. Some respondents’ dropped out of the study hence affecting the study sample. This research is sample bias it included only the older population and did not consider the rest of the population. The research did not include variables, operationalization, and hypothesis.
Kennedy, E.T., Bowman, S.A., Spence, J.T., Freedman, M. & King, J. (2009). Popular diets: Correlation to health, nutrition, and obesity. Journal of American Diet Association, 101,411-420.
This journal has its data obtained from primary sources like interview, other journals, clinical witnesses, data, and newspapers. The article’s purpose is to put various information and results together and come up with conclusion on nutritional health. In addition, it provides references to other journals related with related topic. The researcher considered validity of data, ethics, reliability, procedure, practices and principle that form part of research methodology. Sample study size was 400 people of population. Author has identified measurement instrument as questionnaires, interviews, and observations. No rationale was used in selection of study population and study population was selected randomly. The research can be applicable in solving emerging challenges in the area of preventive health care. It is also applicable in preventing funds over spending due to overlap on research and generates a return with a stronger health care work force. Improving patient’s out come and reduction in cost of health care provision its another application. Research finding may fit Neuman system model through; Improving health assessment and nursing process, choosing better nursing diagnosis for my client, improvement of teaching of health assessment, promoting of system stability, through retainment, attainment, promotion of well being after treatment, induction of critical thinking which include deduction, logic and induction and maintenance of optimal wellness and wholeness. Features of a special research include a comparison in characteristic of different value updated and modified information. The limitation of this research was lack of enough money in carrying out the research and in the implementation of the results.
Jeor, S.T., Howard, B.V., Prewitt, T.E., Bovee, V., Bazzarre, T. & Eckel, R.H. (2007). Dietary protein and weight reduction: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. The American Heart Association, 104, 1869-1874.
Data was gathered from primary a source that is through other journals, newspapers and data. It is a research article on protein and weight loss. Other researchers can obtain study information from this article during their research work. Sample study size was 130 people of the population. Instrument of measurement used were questionnaires, interviews and observation. A criterion of study was including 50 people per kilometer squared of the population. There was reliability and validity of questionnaire, interview, and observation. This article can be of use in addressing urgent and emerging challenges. Saving money by avoiding overlap on research and generate a return with a stronger health care work force, improve patient out come and reduce cost of health care provision. Research finding may fit Neuman system model through: improving health assessment and nursing process, choosing better nursing diagnosis for my client, improvement of teaching of health assessment, promotion of system stability through retainment, attainment and promotion of well-being after treatment, induction of critical thinking which include deduction, logic and induction and maintenance of optimal wellness and wholeness. Features of special research include their comparison in characteristic of different nutritional value. Its limitation is financial challenge in carrying out the researching and implementation of its results. Its purpose is to obtain the reflective information on body nutritional requirements. It is a referencing source to other researchers on related issues. Sample study size was 400 people of population. Author has identified measurement instrument: questionnaire, interview, observation. No rationale used in selection of study population. Method of study is to the healthy, nutrition and obesity. There is reliability, validity of questionnaire, interview, and observation. It can be used in dealing with crucial and emerging challenges in the area of preventive health care. Saving money by avoiding overlap on research and generate a return with a stronger health care work force, improve patient out come and reduce cost of health care provision.
Research finding may fit Neuman system model through improving health assessment and nursing process, choosing better nursing diagnosis for my client, improvement of teaching of health assessment promotion of system stability, through detainment, attainment promotion of well-being after treatment, induce critical thinking which include deduction, logic and induction and maintenance of optimal wellness and wholeness. Feature of special research include their comparison in characteristic of different nutritional value. Its limitation is financial challenge in carrying out the researching and implementation of its recommendation.