The American dream is the belief that anyone, inconsiderate of their social status or where they were born, can achieve their version of success through hard work and determination. Freedom and agency are central to the American dream since they represent the values of individualism and self-determination. However, over time, freedom and agency have resulted in unequal outcomes, triggering a debate on the purpose and meaning of the American dream. Moreover, there has been tension between the founding ideals of the American Dream and historic inequalities such as slavery and territorial dispossession. The concept of an egalitarian society is rooted in the American ideals of democracy, equality, rights, opportunity, liberty, and progress. The American dream, founded on the principles of freedom and agency, was originally an ambition for an egalitarian society but has shifted terrain due to historical and contemporary inequalities leading to tension.
First, freedom and agency are complementary to individualism and self-determination that reflect the American identity and are hence vital to the American dream. While freedom is the idea that individuals have the right to live as they desire without interference, agency refers to an individual’s ability to make their own choices and take control of their lives. The American dream is only possible if individuals have the freedom and agency to create their paths to success and pursue their dreams. However, some of the social cement is loosening, implicating the American dream.
The values of freedom and agency are at odds with the conception of the American dream since they can lead to increased stratification. Freedom and agency allow individuals to pursue their goals and dreams, but they do not guarantee equality of opportunity or outcomes. Cullen (2003) notes that economic and racial stratification has increased dramatically, raising doubts about the breadth and depth of opportunity. As a result, some people may have more resources and advantages that allow them to succeed more easily, whereas others may face significant challenges. The imbalance can lead to debates and discussions about the meaning and purpose of the American Dream, as well as a conflict between the ideals of freedom and agency and the desire for a more equitable society.
There are intense contradictions between the founding American ideals and historical inequalities. Despite the American dream being founded on pragmatic ideals, including the natural right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, inequality is rampant in the US, marked by territorial dispossession of natives, slavery, and racism (Bush & Bush, 2015). Economic inequality, political polarization, and demographic changes also contribute to the disparity. Although based on the idea of freedom, the American dream is fading following the rising inequality.
Reconciling the tension between the initial American ideals and the growing social stratification demands promoting equality, justice, diversity, and inclusiveness. Equality and justice will allow the American Dream’s ideals to apply to all individuals. According to Bush & Bush (2015), creating a more just and equitable society through uniform education, housing, and employment opportunities will revive the American dream. Additionally, a diverse and inclusive society aids in the promotion of understanding and respect among various cultures and communities. By embracing equality and justice and working towards inclusiveness, America can curb the tension between the initial values and the rampant inequality.
Ultimately, the American dream, founded on the principles of liberty and agency, was originally an aspiration for an egalitarian society but has shifted terrain due to historical and contemporary inequalities, causing tension. Although values of freedom and agency are important to the American dream, they can lead to unequal outcomes and opportunities. Equality, justice, diversity, and inclusiveness are effective approaches to reconciling the tension between the initial American ideals and historical inequalities.
References
Bush, M. E., & Bush, R. (2015). Tensions in the American Dream: Rhetoric, reverie, or reality. Temple University Press.
Cullen, J. (2003). The American dream: A short history of an idea that shaped a nation. Oxford University Press.