Statistics can be defined as the collection of information from a certain set of data. It could be mathematical or scientific. This concept was conceived around the19th and 20th centuries in the USA and some parts of Europe. Since then, its definition and areas of application have varied. Statistics in its self has various functions; these are at times referred to as the uses of statistics (Ravid & Haan, 2008).
The major function of statistics is finding solutions to various problems. The analysis of (numerical) data enables one to arrive at solutions to (numerical) problems. This is attained by the use of statistical formulas.
Statistics can also be used to simplify bulky data into comprehensible, ‘digestible’ information. This is attained by presenting information in a clear and precise numerical format, which can easily be understood. Most data, which undergoes statistical analysis, is bulky and not easily discernible. For instance, information obtained from a census can only be clearly understood after statistical analysis is carried out.
Still on the issue of data obtained from conducting a census, statistics enables us to carry out comparisons between different variables. Statistics makes it possible to compare data from previous years with data collected in the present year.
Statistics also enables researchers to test and prove new theories. This ensures that new ideas are developed. It also provides an avenue for development through ideological innovation.
By making use of statistics, policy makers in all sectors are able to come up with successful policies. This is mainly because they use data analysis to come up with improvements to already existing policies (Ravid & Haan, 2008).
Analyzing past events and data using statistics helps to identify certain trends and, therefore, determine possible future outcomes. In this regard, statistics can be used to forecast certain demographics such as population. This is highly instrumental as far as governance is concerned, as it enables them to plan for critical issues such as taxation.
References
Ravid, R., & Haan, P. (2008). Practical statistics for business: An introduction to business statistics. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.