The concept of security in the global security structure is of paramount importance, and the underlying dynamics of interactions of different states can be viewed through a wide range of perspectives and lenses. Realism in international relations, especially security, can be understood as an assumption or belief that all states are motivated primarily by their own interests only, which can be disguised as a moral concern. For example, China is a threat to the United States is mainly due to the former’s economic rise, and not human rights abuses or oppression of smaller states, such as Taiwan (Ed, 2017). In other words, the US backs Taiwan due to interests of American security rather than the liberation of the latter.
Liberalism is deeply rooted in the concept of diplomacy and mutual benefit as well as cooperation. It is a perspective through which any conflict can be resolved with prosperity to both sides. In other words, even extreme cases, such as North Korea, can be resolved with mutual benefit and diplomacy. Therefore, by being secure against North Korea’s aggressive politics, global security is achieved where all parties benefit to a certain extent (60 Minutes Australia, 2021).
However, constructivism focuses on identity rather than material elements. The tensions between US and China or North Korea are the result of different ideologies and identities, which are manifested in democracy and capitalism being against communism and dictatorship (60 Minutes Australia, 2021). Therefore, the concern for security is rooted in preventing the spread of communist ideology rather than economic or military dangers. Lastly, human security views such matters as a problem of poverty, health, education, political freedom, and democracy (“Critical security studies (CSS),” n.d.). In other words, it calls for partnerships to increase human dignity and quality of life.
References
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60 Minutes Australia. (2021). War with China: Are we closer than we think? | Under Investigation [Video]. YouTube. Web.
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