Introduction
Global problems affect various aspects of society: interethnic and interstate relations, the world economy, and politics. These problems are very acute and complex in the modern world. The modern community meets the problems of war and peace, the environmental problem, the problem of terrorism. Each of these problems is relevant for the present time, and almost all of them are caused by poverty. This phenomenon is especially characteristic of third world countries, on the example of which the complexity of such phenomena as poverty and backwardness will consider.
Poverty
The results of previous scientific papers confirm the relevance of this problem: firstly, the study of this problem requires an integrated approach and comprehensive study. It is due to the interconnection of global problems with various aspects of human society, for example, urbanization and technological development. It means that each country is interested in considering these problems and participating in their solution. High levels of poverty, especially in developing countries, pose a severe threat to national and global sustainable development.
Urbanization
Poverty is characterized by different parameters and manifests itself in different forms, but most of all, it is a lack of interest in life. The social sphere manifests itself in a sharp differentiation of income by country and population groups, especially between the city and the countryside (Bahrini and Qaffas, 2019, p. 21). Today, three-quarters of the world’s poorest inhabitants live in rural areas, but urbanization fundamentally changes the scope and nature of poverty. In 1950, the number of urban residents accounted for a third of the world’s population in the 2000s – half, and by the middle of the XXI century, according to forecasts, it will reach two-thirds. In 2005, 30% of the world’s citizens – 1 billion (Saleem et al., 2021, p. 550). People lived in slums, the highest proportion of slum dwellers in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where in many cities exceeds 70% of residents (Saleem et al., 2021, p. 553). If the current rates of urban population growth and the nature of income distribution continue, then by the mid-20s, the number of slum dwellers will reach 2 billion.
Poverty is diverse; it changes in time and space; human needs are assessed differently in different countries and historical periods. For the least developed countries, poverty is a shortage or lack of vital resources. Urbanization is closely related to the problem of poverty and the presence of social inequality (Chen et al., 2019, p. 7). Inequality implies that the resources available in short supply are distributed unevenly among people.
Technological Development
In the field of technological development is significantly lower average labor productivity. High technologies are designed to help people reduce inequality between poor and rich countries. The way developed countries exploit the labor of the population of underdeveloped States leaves much to be desired. Rich countries open factories and enterprises in developing countries, pay people pennies and harm the environment; it is especially difficult for South Asia and Africa (Bahrini. and Qaffas, 2019, p. 21). It is essential to understand that the technologies themselves harm third-world countries, but the authorities have allowed rich countries to open their production facilities in the last 15-20 years.
Conclusion
Extensive consolidation is necessary to get rid of poverty and improve the internal situation in third-world countries. Providing humanitarian assistance to developing countries will be an insufficient contribution to their future prosperity. In addition to financial assistance, it is equally essential to develop the scientific potential within these countries exchange technologies and experience. It is essential to establish cooperation in all spheres of human life and competently use the resources of existing countries. In the future, this model will help developing countries find support within themselves and develop in the trends of European states.
Reference List
Bahrini, R. and Qaffas, A. A. (2019). Impact of information and communication technology on economic growth: Evidence from developing countries, Economies, 7(1), pp. 21–22.
Chen, M., Sui, Y., Liu, W., Liu, H., and Huang, Y. (2019). Urbanization patterns and poverty reduction: A new perspective to explore the countries along the Belt and Road, Habitat International, 84(1), pp. 1–14.
Saleem, H., Farooq, F., and Aurmaghan, M. (2021). How do Poverty and Income Inequality affect Economic Growth in Developing Countries, Applied Management and Social Sciences, 4(2), pp. 547-558.