The Windows server consists of operating systems made by Microsoft for enterprise-level management, storage of data, communication, and applications. This operating system enables multiple users to share services and provides administrative control of data and applications in corporate networks. There are several steps involved when installing and configuring this system. The first step is to configure the user and network platforms. This phase consists of setting the administrator’s account by installing a secure password, thus, establishing the secret word policy. This is important to avoid illegal access to the system. The server is also configured in a network by setting an Internet Protocol (IP) address and Domain Name System (DNS). This will enable users to access the server through a network reliably and securely.
The second stage comprises configuring the system’s roles and features. This is the phase where the required aspects of operation and programs are chosen and constructed. The selected programs are then updated to their latest versions to enhance the security of the server. The third procedure consists of the establishment of the Network Time Protocol (NTP). This involves setting the time of the server in sync with their external source to avoid breakdowns that are caused by time differences. The firewall is also set up, allowing only two web ports (80 and 443) to be open to the internet. The firewall offers protection to the server from external attacks over the network.
The fourth stage is the configuration of Remote Access and Service (RAS). This ensures remote server access through the Remote Desktop Platform, Power-shell, and Secure Shell (SSH). The server is set to only accept remote access by authorized users. Default services that run in the background are disabled except for the primary functions. Thus, this process is critical since it minimizes attack surfaces on the server.
The Hardening procedure is the fifth stage, which is done by testing and analyzing the system’s features and making recommendations. Microsoft Structured Query Language (MSQL) is also tweaked to protect the system from running unauthorized applications. This step is vital to ensure the system serves its intended purpose and is not compromised. The sixth procedure involves system monitoring and logging, and it is the final step. Logging activities are dependent on the server’s domain, where the domain activity helps the system processes run smoothly. The logs are used to monitor the server activities and troubleshoot problems in the system.