This picture depicts the right middle lobe collapse, which is a condition that can be challenging to notice on an Ex-Ray. In the picture, number 1 points to raised fissure, and 2 points to raised horizontal fissure. (Shaikh & Heller, 2022). The upper part of the lower zone shown as 3 is white as opposed to other areas. The fifth element is the diaphragm, and four is the sternum. The base of the lobe collapse runs through the sternum and the diaphragm.
- Raised right diaphragm.
- Horizontal fissure.
- Lowe zone with the haze-white appearance.
- Hilum.
- Sternum and diaphragm.
The recurrent or chronic collapse of the middle lobe of the right lung is the most typical description of MLS. Although the process was formerly thought just to affect the middle lobe, it can also affect the lingula and is sometimes referred to as the lingula syndrome. Although MLS patients frequently experience pulmonary symptoms, some are asymptomatic, and chest radiography is the only way to diagnose their illness (Shaikh & Heller, 2022). MLS’s epidemiology is not well understood. In primary and tertiary care settings, it affects both sexes of adults and children. Furthermore, there is no comprehensive information on the disease’s prevalence.
Pathophysiologically, MLS can be split into obstructive and nonobstructive forms. Endobronchial lesions or extrinsic compression of the right middle lobe bronchus can both result in obstructive MLS. According to estimates, tumors—both benign and malignant—account for roughly 25% of MLS cases; however, it’s crucial to remember that much MLS research has excluded individuals with detectable neoplasms (Shaikh & Heller, 2022). Hamartomas are a type of benign tumor that can impede blood flow, although primary lung cancer and metastases are examples of malignant causes. Enlargement of the peribronchial lymph nodes is the most frequent cause of extrinsic compression of the right middle lobe bronchus. This may be caused by granulomatous infections like histoplasmosis, which result in adenopathy, as well as various fungal infections, common and uncommon mycobacterial infections, and other microbial diseases.
Reference
Shaikh, U., & Heller, D. (2022). Right middle lobe syndrome. Statpearls Publishing.