Abstract
The basic premises of cell theory include the basic unit of a living organism cell. The cell is the smallest unit in the living thing that is referred to as a structural unit. A cell has diverse characteristics, and among them includes a flow of energy in cells and passage of hereditary information. Jacobs Schleiden and Theodar Schwan defined the cell theory. Technological advancement has contributed immensely towards broadening the meaning of cell theories. It has led to the advancement of cell discoveries and understanding of cell functionality. However, all technological discoveries have a close relationship with the premises of cell theory. Thus, it is evident that the premises of cell theory play a crucial role in advancing the role played by the cell. This paper will outline the basic principles of a cell and its functions in a living organism. It will also outline the diverse discoveries made concerning the cell by advancement in technology.
The basic premises of cell theory include that the basic unit of structure in all living organisms is the cell. It is believed in the theory that cell development occurs from existing cells and is a vital unit structure organization and function in all living things. It states that the composition of all organisms is cells. The cell is the smallest living unit in living organisms, hence referred to as a structural unit. The other premise in cell theory is that the functionality of an organism is a summation of the goings-on and interactions of element cells. Cells have certain characteristics including the flow of energy in cells, the passage of hereditary information through cells, and that every cell has a basic chemical composition (Barlow, et al. nd).
Cell theory was proposed by Jacobs Schleiden and Theodar Schwan but the discovery of the cell was done by Robert Hooke in 1665. This was through his observation of tiny slices of cork, naming the tiny structures, cells but he never knew cell function and structure. After the proposal of the cell theory, Rudolf Virchow gave a vital observation of the division of existing cells for new cell development in 1855. Haeckel made another improvement to cell theory in 1866 on the ability of cells to transmit hereditary traits (Cell Theory, para 3). Through these developments and discoveries, the proposition of cell theory was then accepted and turned into cell theory. This forms the basic premises of the cell theory that has seen many discoveries and advances in cell theory since its formulation.
Recent discoveries on the structure and functionality of cells have led to an increase in available knowledge and understanding of cell theory. Recent discoveries have led to a wholly advanced understanding of cell theory. However, all the discoveries are developed based on the basic premises of cell theory and they are just improvements to the fundamentals of cell theory (Barlow, et al. nd). It has been discovered that the nucleus is the brain part of the cell and has all the information in chromatin that aids in cell growth, development, and reproduction as the DNA. The organization of chromatin in the cell aids in the understanding of diseases and aging. The proteins Lamin A and Lamin B are involved in chromatin organization in the nucleus whereby when these proteins lack the heterochromatin collapses to the nuclear center leading to a disruption in gene expression and affecting skeletal movement (Liull, 2011). This understanding of the operations of the cell helps in the understanding of heart failure and the rise of diseases.
The other discovery on cells is the stem cell by 2012 Nobel Prize winners. They stated that a mature stem cell is a blank cell that can change to be other sells and aid in replenishing the body when the person is still alive but aging. This aids in the treatment of various diseases and disorders including the muscles and the nervous system. In 2012, Yale University researchers discovered certain cells that turn into white adipocytes recognized as fat leading to a better understanding of obesity. There has been an improvement on cell theory including that apart from cells coming into existence from division, some are formed from fusion in the example of sperm and egg cells. Other knowledge from discovery is that all cells have a membrane covering and that all cells are microscopic in their sizes. The other knowledge addition is the presence of biochemical properties in all the cells (Kelly, 2011).
References
Barlow, W. Volkmann, D. & Baluska, F. (nd). Eukaryotic Cells and their Cell Bodies: Cell Theory Revised.
Kelly, L. (2011). The Past and Present of the Cell Theory. Web.
Liull, R. (2011). Cell theory and it’s importance in Biology.
Miami University. Cell Theory. Web.