Introduction
White-Collar crimes are committed by individuals who are respectable and of high social status in their occupation/corporations. Such criminal behaviors are adapted due to interpersonal interactions with other white-collar criminals. Hence, white-collar crimes overlap and provide opportunity to corporate crimes. In United States alone white collar crimes cost the government $300 billion annually as its reported by Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).
Major white-collar crimes
White-collar crime is characterized by many types of fraud and the main one are; bribery, computer crime, public corruption, insider trading, medical crime, identity crime, forgery, environmental crime, and financial crime (Zarka).
Crime in most public and private sectors
Most public institutions are characterized by the crime of bribery, insider trading, and public corruption. There is high rate of unfair distribution of jobs, contracts, and other operations which are mainly financial. These vices have made it difficult for one to get services or even employed without bribing those who are in leadership or the decision-makers.
Computer crime
Most institutions have computerized their operations hence almost all operations are done by use of computers. This has made it much easier for the users to commit crime without being detected with ease. Hence, over the years this is one of the major types of crimes being done every day and most of them go undetected.
Holding organizations and individuals accountable
Accountability in the operations of organizations is paramount in ensuring that instances of crime are reduced (Neal & Wright, 69). It would also be important to put sanctions in place and implement checks and balances to monitor what is being done and arrest any instances of crime. There should be well-understood procedures that are well monitored such that each employee at their capacity is held accountable for their operations. Such sanctions would ensure that the employees will be much careful in their operations, therefore, reducing instances of white-collar crime.
Goals of the sanctioning process
Sanctioning those who violate the law and commit white-collar crimes would ensure that those who commit such crimes are held responsible and are penalized in a court of law. The most appropriate sanctions are ensuring that the employees who commit the crime are recovered any loss which the organization experienced and are jailed or fined depending on the crime they had committed. By ensuring that perpetrators of white-collar crime are convicted it would serve as a warning to other errant employees who would be planning to commit such crimes.
Conclusion and recommendation
I would recommend almost all institutions implement procedures that would be used to monitor operations that are being done. Secondly, it is recommendable that they implement both internal and external audit practices which will be done periodically that will serve as a tool of detection and control of any white-collar crime which would have been committed (Baker). Any instances of such crime should be reported to the relevant authority for disciplinary measures and surcharge any funds which would have been embezzled.
References
Baker, J. (2004). The Sociological Origins of White-Collar Crime. Web.
Neal, S., & Wright, J. (2000). Readings in White-Collar Crime. Oxford: Oxford University.
Zarka, H. (2007). The Causes of White Collar Crime. Web.