The basis of the human development theories
Personality is what makes an individual unique. Personality as well as human development has been a major topic of interest to many people the world over. This has therefore led to the development of various theories by a good number of scholars interested in human development.
So how exactly or rather what are the stages we go through to become what we are today? This question has been answered through a case study carried out in an old suburban neighborhood. The main focus in this study is the cognitive, psychosocial, psychosexual and moral development in children as well as toddlers.
The best time for a toddler’s toilet training
To begin with, toddlers are classified as children between the ages of 1and a half years to three. Freud, a theorist centered on the psychosexual development in children also mentioned that this particular stage can be referred to as the anal stage. According to him, toddlers in this specific age set have an interest in the anus as the source of the pleasurable sensations amongst other body parts.
He therefore advises that it is at this stage that toilet training can be most effective. Therefore, baby sitters as well as the parents should take the initiative of training their children to visit the bathrooms whenever they have a nature call ( Blewitt & Bloderick, 2010, p.38).
In addition to this, Erikson a psychosocial theorist classified this stage as that of autonomy versus doubt and shame stage. This, he goes ahead to explain that it is at this very stage that children learn to be self sufficient in terms of taking themselves to the bathroom, feeding and even walking. In other instances, they may however doubt their capabilities to take part in these activities hence parents need to reassure them.
Early childhood sleeplessness
In matters regarding sleepless children of below 2 years of age, Piaget whose theory centers on the cognitive development of an infant seems to be the most helpful. This is because the child will always respond to the actions of the parent. For instance when being rocked, it will understand that it is required to go to sleep. Therefore, whenever the baby is fed or rocked, it will always go to sleep.
More so, it is more likely that at this stage in its life the baby goes ahead to acknowledge the external environment. Therefore, it is advisable that the parents ensure that the child’s bedroom is properly set as a sleeping area. For instance, there should be dim lighting, soothing toy music and a rocking bed among others (Austin Community College 2010, P1).
The development of Sibling jealousy
For a child to get jealous, this is normal according to Piaget’s cognitive theory. This happens mostly at the toddler stage, which is approximately between one and a half years to three years. It is in this phase that children tend to be preconception which means that they get to ask very many questions and tend to develop language very fast.
Most importantly, quite a good number of them are likely to be self-centered. This clearly explains why they tend to get jealous when there is another newborn. As the newborn gets a good portion of parental care and attention, they will do anything to get the same amount of attention.
However, this mostly leads to getting involved in notorious behavior, which Kohlberg looks at in the early child hood behavior as the first stage of moral development ( Blewitt & Bloderick, 2010, p. 110).
References
Austin Community College.(2010). Comparison of Freud, Erikson, Piaget, Kohlberg Theories. Web.
Blewitt, P. & Broderick, P. (2010). The life span: Human development for helping Professionals (3rd Ed). Pearson: New Jersey