Does Breastfeeding Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Syndrome? Annotated Bibliography

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Academy of breastfeeding in medicine protocol. (2008). Guideline on co-sleeping and breastfeeding. Washington, DC: Academy of breastfeeding Medicine

According to this article, several studies have shown a noteworthy link between breastfeeding and a lowered sudden infant death syndrome risk, mainly when breastfeeding was the restricted form of feeding during the first four months of living. This article states that there is inadequate evidence to show an informal link between breastfeeding and the prevention of the syndrome. There is an increased risk of the syndrome when babies share beds with mothers who smoke cigarettes.

Horne, R, Parslow, P, Ferens, D, Watts, A and Adamson, T. (2010). Comparison of evoked arousability in breast and formula fed infants. Web.

According to this article, there is no dependable confirmation that breastfeeding decreases the threat of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This article gives proof that breast-fed babies are more readily awakened from active sleep than formula-fed babies at the period when this syndrome’s risk is at the maximum.

International Lactation Consultant Association (2005) Journal of Human Lactation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Web.

This article states that, breastfeeding and the use of pacifiers have been equally linked with a decreased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. The journal states that even though the protective connection between breastfeeding and SIDS has not been regular as there are several healths, cognitive, mental, social and cost-effective benefits of breastfeeding.

Joanna Briggs Institute. (2006). Early childhood pacifier use in relation to breastfeeding, SIDS, infection and dental malocclusion. Web.

According to this article, pacifier use in babies has been mixed up, and viewed as a barrier to breastfeeding for some time, leading to incomplete rather than a lot of breastfeeding or a shorter period. This article finds out that it is credible that pacifier use in babies causes infants to breastfeed in a smaller amount because the pacifier fulfills the instinctive sucking reflex of the infant, thus eradicating the yearning for contact with the nipple and breast. This article states that the proof for a connection between pacifier use and a decline in risk for the syndrome is trustworthy, while the precise method of the effect is not well comprehended.

McKenna, J, Mosko, S and Richard, C. (1997). Bedsharing promotes breastfeeding. Elk Grove Village, Illinois: American Academy of Pediatrics. Web.

This article talks about bed-sharing babies’, breastfed around three times longer during the night than babies who regularly slept separately. These authors of this article suggest that bed-sharing might be protecting against SIDS at least in some circumstances.

Moon, R, Kington, M, Oden, R, Iglesias, J and Hauck, F. (2007). Physical recommendations regarding SIDS Risk Reduction: A National Survey of Pediatricians and family physicians and family physicians. Newbury Park: Sage Publications. Web.

This article states that sleep positions play a major role in the syndrome and they recommend babies to change from horizontal to supine sleeping as this has been proved to reduce the syndrome effectively. Dependable with these authors’ perceptions, bed-sharing facilitates breastfeeding however growing proof contradicts this, as there is a bigger risk of sudden unexpected death in babies in bed-sharing circumstances

New England Medical Centre Evidence-Based Practice Centre. (2007) Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services.

This article talks about the history of breastfeeding and that it is linked with a reduced risk of SIDS in babies in developed countries. This article also states that it is the chief reason for demise in infants of the age between two months and four months of living. The authors of this article suggest that a lot of breastfeeding as well as placing the babies on their backs when sleeping plays a major role in reducing the risk of babies getting sudden infant death syndrome.

Reite, M, Weissberg, M and Ruddy, J. (2008). Clinical manual for evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishers. Web.

According to this article, during the last twenty years, the avoidance fight to reduce the danger of unexpected baby deaths disorder was very triumphant. This article talks about the German Study of sudden infant death, which was a case power study of 333 babies who perished from sudden infant death syndrome. This article looked to observe the connection between the kind of baby nourishment and sudden infant death syndrome of these 337 babies with 999 time-matched controls (Reite et al, 2008). An overall of 55% of cases and 80% of cases were breastfed at two weeks of age (Horne et al, 2005). A lot of breastfeeding during one month of age also reduced the threat of the sudden infant death syndrome, but after adjustment, this risk was not major (International Lactation Consultant Association, 2005). Being breastfed a lot in the last one month of life before the discussion reduced the menace of the syndrome, as did being moderately breastfed. Breastfeeding survival curves showed that both fractional breastfeeding and a lot of breastfeeding were related to a condensed threat of Sudden infant death syndrome (Reite et al, 2008). This book states that the study shows that breastfeeding condensed the threat of this condition by around 55% at all times throughout babyhood and for as long as the baby is breastfed. This book highlights that the allegation of their findings is that breastfeeding should keep on until the baby is six months old as the threat of the condition is low by that stage. This book therefore advocates including the recommendation to breastfeed through a period of six months in this condition as it lessens the threat of the syndrome occurring.

Stuebe, A. (2009). The Risks of not breastfeeding for mothers and infants. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina

According to this article, for babies, not being breastfed is related to an increased prevalence of infectious morbidity, together with otitis media, gastroenteritis, pneumonia and sudden infant death syndrome. Amid premature babies, not getting breast milk is connected with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Vennemann, M, Bajanowski, T, Brinkmann, G, Jorch, K, Yucesan, C, Sauerland, E, Mitchel, A and GeSID Study Group. (2009)Does breastfeeding reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome? Elk Grove Village, Illinois: American Academy of Pediatrics. Web.

This article states that the sudden infant syndrome is a significant health problem as it is the principal reason for baby fatalities in the developed world. The factors include; smoking cigarettes while being pregnant, resting while face down and sharing a bed with an older place. In studies conducted by these authors who have stated them in this book, they conclude that breastfeeding also lowered the risk of babies contracting the syndrome considerably. However, this article states that it is not known for sure if the probable “defensive” features of breastfeeding are restricted to a lot of breastfeeding or if a little breastfeeding is adequate to minimize the risk of sudden infant syndrome. These authors state that any type of breastfeeding, whether a lot or little was linked with a 58% reduction in the risk of the syndrome. Additionally, they state that a lot of breastfeeding was linked with a risk reduction of 48%. They also state that a lot of breastfeeding did not appear to provide considerably added advantage from being breastfed a little. These authors conclude that it is the total lack of breastfeeding, which posed a major risk to a baby getting the sudden infant death syndrome. This article also states that baby sleep studies have illustrated that breastfed babies are more easily awakened than formula-fed babies, which may be a substitute method for the protective effect of breastfeeding against sudden infant death syndrome. The authors of this article also suggest that breastfeeding should be continued until the baby is 6 months old when the risk of the syndrome is low.

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