Infectious and chronic diseases represent common health issues that affect the quality of people’s lives and increase their exposure to other risks, therefore, creating premises for major complications. Therefore, studying infections and chronic diseases to locate key patterns in their development and, thus, produce strategies for minimizing the risks. Though infectious and chronic diseases are exceptionally difficult to avoid due to their pervasiveness, the use of PPE and compliance with the principles of a healthy lifestyle will help to reduce the threat of contracting infectious diseases and developing chronic ones.
The range of factors that may entail the development of a chronic disease in an individual is quite large. However, most cases can be grouped according to four primary categories that indicate major causes of chronic diseases and disorders. These include poor nutrition, which leads to the emergence of vulnerabilities due to the failure to supply the necessary amount of nutrients and vitamins to the patient’s body, which leads to a drop in the quality of the immune system’s performance. Similarly, the use of tobacco or exposure to second-hand smoking may also lead to major chronic issues, such as asthma or other respiratory disorders 9Anderson & Durstine, 2019). Similarly, alcohol abuse is likely to case major chronic issues, particularly, alcoholism and the related dependencies, as ell as kidney, and liver issues 9Anderson & Durstine, 2019). Finally, the fourth factor leading to the development of chronic conditions, particularly, weight gain and obesity, is the lack or absence of physical activity 9Anderson & Durstine, 2019). The specified set of factors are most likely to cause the emergence of chronic disorders or cause a health issue to evolve to a chronic state.
Prevention effectiveness is a crucial characteristic of an intervention aimed at minimizing the threat of an infectious or chronic illness. Typically, three core elements of the prevention effectiveness study are identified; these are problem identification, audience identification, and perspective identification. The specified elements allow narrowing the process of searching for the solution down substantially. Specifically, each of the stages allows determining the supposed positive outcomes of the proposed change or a new policy to be introduced into the healthcare context for addressing the issue of infectious diseases (Akalu et al., 2020). Problem identification serves to locate the specific issue that must be addressed, where audience identification helps to isolate the essential characteristics of the target population at which the intervention is aimed. Finally, perspective identification helps determine the costs, the scope, and the time required to produce a positive effect on a specific patient, community, and global society at large (Akalu et al., 2020). Combined, the specified components of the prevention framework can be used to minimize exposure to specific health risks.
Managing a health issue of diabetes could be considered an example of a prevention strategy. To assess preventive efforts to be taken in order to yield positive health outcomes, one should compare the levels of diabetes development, as well as the percentage of people within the at-risk groups for diabetes development, in the pre- and post-intervention environment. Thus, an accurate estimation of the intervention’s success can be conducted.
Despite their ubiquitous nature, infectious and chronic diseases can be avoided with the sue of respective practices such as vaccinations, wearing PPE, health literacy development, and leading a health lifestyle. The specified measures will imply that the approach to patient-nurse communication should be challenged., pacifically, the introduction of sociall media tools and digital options must be considered to improve the quality of patient education regarding infectious and chronic diseases.
References
Anderson, E., & Durstine, J. L. (2019). Physical activity, exercise, and chronic diseases: A brief review.Sports Medicine and Health Science, 1(1), 3-10.
Akalu, Y., Ayelign, B., & Molla, M. D. (2020). Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among chronic disease patients at Addis Zemen Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.Infection and drug resistance, 13, 1949-1960.