The conceptual models contain values that underlie nursing, views on health, roles, functions, tasks, and ways to determine patients’ needs. An effective nursing model should be focused not only on illness but also on a person (Lim-Saco, 2019). It must pay attention to maintaining human health, improving the quality of life, and solving problems related to the health of a person, family, groups of people, and the whole society.
The Theory of Integral Nursing is a holistic worldview that includes all aspects of human existence: spiritual, intellectual, emotional, physiological, and social. Using a personalized approach that takes into account the patient’s unique internal and external factors, this theory offers the most appropriate methodology (Smith & Parker, 2015). This model can benefit society since it aims at restoring and supporting health and wellness throughout a person’s life. It considers all factors that affect health, including body, mind, spirit, and community. The advantage is given to effective, more natural, and less invasive therapies. Along with the treatment concept, the concepts of health promotion and disease prevention are of great importance (Smith & Parker, 2015). With an increased integral awareness and a holistic worldview, nurses who practice this theory have new opportunities and ways to strengthen their abilities.
The Theory of Modeling and Role Modeling in nursing focuses on the client’s needs and respects the uniqueness of every person. The patient is viewed as an individual with a certain set of behavioral subsystems. This theory helps to restore the balance in the disturbed subsystem of behavior by influencing the internal and external factors, and the environment surrounding the patient (Alligood, 2017). Using this model, a nurse aims at achieving a change in the person’s behavior to lead him or her to recovery and social adaptation. This approach is the key to responding to the patient’s unique conditions and circumstances.
These theories in the integrative-interactive paradigm focus on the person as an active participant, as well as on his or her self-esteem, the ability to communicate, and perform certain roles. Nursing assistance plays an important role when the self-perception of a person associated with the state of his or her health cannot be easily adapted. The goal of these conceptual models in nursing is to achieve a state of health through a holistic approach and therapeutic interaction between a nurse and a patient.
References
Alligood, M. R. (2017). Nursing theorists and their work (9th ed.). St Louis, Missouri: Elsevier.
Lim-Saco, F. (2019). Philosophical and contextual issues in nursing theory development concerning technological competency as caring in nursing.The Journal of Medical Investigation, 66(1.2), 8-11. Web.
Smith, M. C., & Parker, M. E. (2015). Nursing theories and nursing practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis.