Nonverbal communication enhances, replaces, and sometimes contradicts verbal communication, occasionally emphasizing the hidden meaning of the words spoken. For example, a calm person at first glance can bite their lips and bite their nails, thereby showing inner, hidden anxiety and stress.
There are four factors influencing communication: a sender, a message, a channel, and a recipient. A sender is a person who generates ideas or collects information and transmits it. A message is an information encoded using symbols. A channel is a means of sharing details. A recipient is a person to whom the data is intended and who interprets it.
There are six main barriers to communicating with a person. Perception barriers are identified as a manifestation of indifference and skepticism in the topic of conversation. Behavioral barriers manifest when a condescending tone or low self-esteem makes it difficult to judge interlocutors’ information objectively. Language and cultural barriers arise between speakers of different languages, cultures, or faith. Emotional barriers occur when problems at home prevent one from focusing on the dialogue. Gender and social barriers may arise when managers may underestimate the professional skills of women.
The difference between intrapersonal and interpersonal communication lies in the number of interlocutors, the form of exchange of ideas, the use of means, and the visibility of communication. Interpersonal communication is defined as how people speak and exchange information, feelings, and data by interacting (Moss). On the other hand, intrapersonal communication is a contact in which a person talks to himself before interacting with someone else.
The difference between oral, written, and non-verbal communication lies in the form of message transmission and interpretation of words. Oral speech is expressed using spoken words and is intended to be listened to. Nonverbal communication includes pronouncing these words using facial expressions, gestures, emotions, tone of voice, and intonation. In contrast, written speech is transmitted by graphic signs and, unlike oral speech, is perceived visually.
A. Maslow’s “pyramid” consists of five main components that characterize people’s desires and interests. The physiological element expresses the need for “basics”: food, sleep, rest, and warmth. The security need requires protection and order. The social component is based on the need for friendship, respect, approval, recognition, and love. Additionally, a person may also require self-respect, which implies achieving a certain social status and freedom. Finally, it is natural for individuals to feel the need for self-actualization, self-expression, and realizing their creative potential.
Works Cited
Moss, Laura. “Interpersonal Communication: What it is, Why it Matters, and How to Improve It.”EveryoneSocial, 2022.