Media Future and New Technology – Mobile Phone Culture Research Paper

Executive Summary

Cellphone culture, according to dictionary, is a word applied to express the phobic obsession with the cellphone in the common public. Also, it explains the characteristic of being instinctively connected to your cellphone, such as consistently surfing it, or clinging to it gratuitously. Cell phones influence our universal atmosphere, for the most part prominent in the shape of extensive marketing, not merely in the urban world, but in the third world countries as well. Contrasting the Internet, this has flickered panics of a “digital divide” flanked by the modern and the third world countries, as cell phones have become popular in the society, community or all over the planet.

Introducing Cellphone Culture and its prospects

Recent research has revealed that that two billion people at present have possession of cellular phones, often called Mobiles in Europe as an adequate total of cell phones for about one third of the entire population of the world. In effect, a number of countries have even more cell phones than its general population. However, in the United States, 66% of the common public owns a cell phone, as US population makes 297 million, so it depicts 197 million cell phone consumers. In total, public used up 675 billion minutes communicating on cell phones for the month of June 2005 as per the estimation (Goldstein, 6-9).

Just take the example of the ring tones industry that lets its consumers to perceive sound of well-liked songs on their cell phones, at the moment collects total revenue of $5 billion per anal. However, minor industries currently advertise java games and the mobisodes industry allows explicit video content meant to be viewed exclusively on the cell phone. Some added inspired applications have taken place, comprising of Short Message Service (SMS), text messaging, and mobile chatting, WAP, EDGE, GPRS etc.

Cell phones influence our universal atmosphere, for the most part prominent in the shape of extensive marketing, not merely in the urban world, but in the third world countries as well. Contrasting the Internet, this has flickered panics of a “digital divide” flanked by the modern and the third world countries, as cell phones have become popular all over the planet. The mobile phone industry is described as alluring, moreover reasonably priced. Most of its consumers embellish and personalize their cell phones, going up to boost art cottage industries. The cell phone has now turned out to be a sort of art in itself, wherein a consumer’s preference of phone and embellishment performs as a type of private avowal.

However, the trend of the cell phone has rooted transformations in several cultural and social standards on the top. Workplaces, cinemas, playing fields and cafés are now some of the legroom in which the suitability of cell phone discussions is undecided and ambiguous. For instance, The Metropolitan Museum of Art doesn’t permit cell phones inside, but it doesn’t all the time prevent public from utilizing the cell phone. Cell phone appears to prioritize communication with community far-away over those giving out one’s gap, and the moral values of this new mannerism are not concurred across the world.

However, Cell phones are enabling its consumers to make their own micro-cultures; they are altering cultural standards and significance, and signifying consumers’ skill to adapt and refunction technology for their individual utility.

Cell Phone Culture: Social and Cultural Experiences and Technological Possibilities

Contributed to a social activity the mobile phone industry is currently recognized instants, significant circumstances where teenagers construct their social links. In the course of the mobile phone they are informing each other that they are in attendance so they are interconnected. In a sentence, they substantiate the soundness of their comradeship bond, which imagines that components are in ‘perpetual contact’, that they are permitted to explore each other out. Also, the precise sense intrinsic to teenagers’ culture, ‘home’ and ‘school’ are outlying from being unbiased positions; in contrast they are social spaces sturdily obvious by shared cultural connotations. As a minimum, in the eyes of the layperson, ‘home’ indicates a private space, and near environment occupied by family members or kins. The utilization of the mobile phone overturned the socially shared cultural sense of the residence. The picture of the residence as the private place is shorn of and come out to be the contradictory. The Home for a teenager is a community field, a position where an individual requires building a personal space, a warm retreat missing from the gawk and the ears of the other family members. While the mobile phone lets one to blot the limits of such an otherwise imperceptible position and its application brings about a turnaround of sense. Extra amusingly, 70 per cent of the calls made and received at school, happened when friends or classmates were there. The cell phone has twisted the metaphorical sense of the term ‘social link’ into a very factual one, being indoor or external is now a stuff of having or not having a cell phone. The link between the user and the technology does not take place in a social vacuum. Still when we echo upon private applications of a technology, we have to put them inside a superior background comprised of the conversations and the live outs of the public around the consumer It is not the mobile phone’s technological possibilities that create a mobile culture, nor the isolated user that suddenly decides to integrate this technology in his or her daily life. The very nature of social life makes it relevant to recognize that it is the interplay between some dimensions of a community specific culture, the possibilities proffered by the technology and the incorporation of such possibilities that make new shared cultural habits of livelihood (Caronia, pp. 90-102).

The applications of the cellphone in community legroom represent on numerous lengths of social communication. It includes Verbal vs. non-verbal interaction and co-present vs. remote interaction. Noticeably, the impending for non-verbal communication is restricted when networking telephonically. At one fell swoop, mobile telephony in community legroom insists that one use various non-verbal techniques to blot the particular environment of their doings. specifically there necessitate to be unique stratagem to extricate oneself from the pre-existing co-present interactions, there are plans for upholding one’s quasi-isolated standing throughout the dialogue, there are the concerns of reintegration back into the instability of the limited situation after the call, and to finish there are the deliberations of the other co-present persons facing, all through and subsequent to the call itself. Once gazing at the vicinity of non-verbal communication, this has been a fashionable region of scholastic spotlight. Loads of these investigations have came across into the irrefutable role of gesticulate, kinesics, proximics, vocalics, facade, haptics (touch), chronemics, and treatment of objects connected with phone call. Further than these sorts, there are cultural issues at engage in recreation. Certainly, for one engaged in investigating telephonic communication that is mainly deprived of these supports and relieves, one is occasionally enforced to speculate how communication is probable over the telephone at all. Non-verbal communication is used to mark one’s task in a communal situation. While clearing one’s throat is spent, so as well is one’s employ of space and gestures. The utilization of the cellphone is merely not the gesture. Somewhat, more by and large a communication between a being and their inclusive confined circumstance works there.

The impressive expansion of mobile phone industry is healthy recognized, with mobile users now greater than one billion all-inclusive. Through any assess, mobile service has attained bumpy equivalence with fixed line service in the majority areas, and exceeds customary fixed-line dispersion in developed and developing countries in a similar way. However, fixed lines have not been considerably relocated. Though the sum of fixed lines has been smooth in current years, with network contraction in selected pockets, additional fixed lines persist to produce fueled by Internet and other data entrance wants. In general, important adjusts in the opus of households’ access portfolios have occurred. These expansions ask scrutiny of the substitutability of fixed and mobile services as a way of entrance. Significant distinctions between the two stay, though, with wireless service differentiated by its mobility and fixed service boasting better broadcast value and bandwidth. If we take up a data set built from a U.S. consumer panel that encloses comprehensive data on households’ communications acquisition performance. That information detailed over a two-year period, take in information about a household’s subscription to fixed and mobile telephone service plus treatment of those and other communications tunes.

Traditionally, mobile telephone service did not create an good-looking substitute to fixed service. For its high relative price, cellular service was truthfully an extravagance, not a replacement for fixed line. The mobile phone technology also insulated considerably in non-price expressions. These disparities effected in cellular’s restricted infiltration charges when first brought in the 1980s. Ever since those early days, mobile service acceptance has full-fledged at amazing charges as the superiority of the service and the presentation of mobile suppliers progressively got better.

The increase of mobile services approaches at an occasion when telecommunications establishment and the community are worried over the need of pace in the advancement of struggle in landline checks. Unpacking and resale of network services to ease entrance has not created the rivalry initially imagined by legislation such as the 1996 Telecommunications Act in the U.S. In principle, mobile phone is a proxy since consumers can place and accept voice calls as they act up to now, the occurrence of consumers who relinquish fixed service totally and rely entirely on mobile, are hardly any. The contour of the typical wireless-only user is youthful and on its own. As per the last two annual reports on the wireless industry, the FCC wrapped up from its evaluation of third-party study that about 3% of U.S. consumers depend on mobile as their only phone service, while about 12% reported that they acquired mobile service slightly than inserting an extra fixed line. Two current reviews of British residential consumers, conducted a year distant, equally reported that 5-6% of persons maintain mobile as their single cause of telephone service in their residence. A substitute outlook is that fixed and mobile services are balancing (Rodini 1-5). Moreover, Mobile service allows calls that were or else impracticable, as when a consumer is taking a trip in a vehicle or marching on the lane.

Conclusion: What we have lived through and what’s yet to come…

The inhabitant of the cellphone culture today will anticipate getting the same services in a wireless fashion as he gets from a fixed network. These services have need of elevated bandwidths. It is not predictable that future cell phone users are resolving neither forcing to forgo functionality for the additional worth of mobility nor to disburse added for it, for the most part as he will barely be consuming any other immobile telecommunication devices. The descendants of modern digital mobile telephony systems, the self-styled “Third generation” mobile systems (UMTS and IMT-2000) plan to simply somewhat predicting these troubles. With mostly expanding second generation technologies higher data-rates, up to 2 Mbit/s are offered but merely to a restricted figure of consumers at the instant and just in some locations e.g. rural areas. In line to facilitate the exercise of really new and inventive multimedia tune-ups, yet superior bandwidths require to be offered at a lower cost that can be offered by second and third generation systems. Learning optional technologies and architectures for these wireless entrance infrastructures is the plan for advancement. While key limiting issues have been acknowledged as spectrum shortage, electric expenditure and infrastructure charges. Spectrum shortage is mostly because of nosiness from other consumers but also due to the unhurried procedure of international regulation & co-ordination with accessible tunes. Device power supply technology is too a input setback as it is not predictable to create considerable advancement in the coming decade laying stern constraints on electric expenditure. Since high bandwidths appear to claim immense infrastructure assets with very tall costs. These crises are the spotlight of the 4th Generation Wireless Infrastructure (4GW) project within Personal Computing and Communication (PCC), a nationwide planned research agenda aided by the Foundation for Strategic Research. The program instigates study, relevant to mobile industry, at the uppermost global level and runs graduate education preparing for international careers. The 4GW project sequentially intends at examining and suggesting general infrastructure architecture resolutions for the descendant of these 3rd generation structures, what is here conceptually denoted as 4th generation “system”, regarding technical, cost-effective and authoritarian standpoints. It deals with accurately interdisciplinary attempts, across from services & user behavior, infrastructure economics, telecommunication analysis, along to executing issues and the equipment. The estimated time frame for the consumption measured by the project is 2010-2015.

However, scenarios are at present bringing into play at a lot of positions and in several diverse businesses. The reasons of each scenario are special but the two vital designs are altering the ways public believe and generating foundation for deliberations.

Ericsson

The Ericsson has a constant scheme named “Vision 2005” which has been functioning since 1995. The backdrop to this proposal was principally that the marketplaces that Ericsson functioned in changes quickly, after that the board desired an innovative vision of where Ericsson is marching toward. Primarily, the focus was on the integrating markets of Telecom, computer and media. Over 500 people inside and outwardly were dialogued.

The primary consequences are partially obtainable in the annual report for 1996. It comprises of three scenarios and the identification of ten critical areas within Ericsson. One wrapping up of their effort is the essentiality of intensely originating the scenario idea within the organization. On the other hand, it is significant to obtain contribution from outside supplies. These scenarios are utilized within Ericsson to form business belongings used in the internal management education and as a means of communication with the most significant consumers. (as cited in Ericsson)

Siemens-Nixdorf

At Siemens-Nixdorf a little interdisciplinary group has been fashioned to “identify long-term mega trends and discontinuities that will influence information and communication technology”. The project has the name FutureScape. (as cited in Siemens-Nixdorf)

NOKIA

Nokia sketched its dream for the future of the mobility industry, forecasting that the Internet would develop into the chief driving force in the marketplace it anticipates will make 4 billion large-scale subscriptions by 2010. The statements were made in a speech by Nokia CEO and President, Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo, to more than 2,000 people from the mobile and Internet industries focusing the Nokia World 2006 conference.

At the two-day event, Nokia alleged development in the mobility industry was gathering speed faster than previous envisaged, and that it now probable the industry to achieve the target of 3 billion mobile subscriptions globally in 2007. Also, Nokia granted its new forecast of 4 billion global mobile subscriptions in 2010.

The Music, mobile TV and navigation services take part significantly in accelerating this development, both in sophisticated and rising markets where in the conclusion, escalating numbers of people are contacting the Internet for the first time on their mobile rather than via a Personal computer. In view of this, Nokia reported it guesses that the substitute marketplace will report for about 65 per cent of the global market this year and that this figure is expected to rise to over 80 per cent by the year 2010.

Nokia also revealed its newest mobile phone for the up-and-coming markets, the Nokia 2626, the company’s first entry level fashion phone. Guiding a new trend to emerging markets, the Nokia 2626 is targeted at style-conscious consumers, presenting a mirrored color screen, a range of color covers and fashionable accessories, as well as an FM radio, GPRS and even e-mail (Manila, NA).

Future Mega Trends

Globalization is a continuing occurrence that has influenced the society ever since mankind started to cross the oceans. Communicating appliances is more related to the work of the 4GW project, but is still too fundamental to be considered as a short-term phenomenon.

Services become more independent of the underlying infrastructure and also relate more to the work of the 4GW group, compared to the Globalization trend. Services, such as phone calls, are being more separated from the infrastructure they use. A phonecall today typically crosses many different types of infrastructure e.g. from a mobile terminal through a wireless connection into a digital network, perhaps via satellite link over to an analogue network to another connected phone (Zander).

Standards are, in the world of mobile industry, are important as starting points for technical developments. The standardization process within the standardizing organizations is becoming more and more a political matter. This slows down the process and forces companies to search for alternatives. One way is to “de-facto” standardize by taking control of the market.

Most technology is developed to be used. That is easy when one is enhancing existing technology to better suit the existing needs. What about future needs and future technology?

To be able to start thinking of the future needs it is necessary to examine what the future needs might be. To be able to do that it is necessary to examine the needs today and in what directions the development might go. What is needed is a much broader approach than what is normally considered. Factors outside science and technology has to be included as well as developments that might take place within science.

Nearly all above scenarios are here illustrated as little narratives or accounts of the future world they imagine. Most scenarios explain a circumstance by means of diverse viewpoints to phase the situation for a firm. However, characteristic outlooks are financial growth, technological growth and political-cultural progress. To depart a notion on the person who reads, most scenarios are offered with unconventional names that together attempt to include the core of the scenario and pull towards you. This is observed as a significant ingredient of the scenario. Many sets of scenarios hold one scenario that actually fluctuates from the predictable.

Works Cited

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“Internet Key to Next Phase of Growth in Mobile Phone Industry”. Manila Bulletin. 2006. Page Number: NA. COPYRIGHT 2006 Manila Bulletin Publishing Corp.

Jens Zander. “Radio Resource Management in Future Wireless Networks – Requirements and Limitations”. IEEE Communications Magazine, 1997.

Maguire,G.Q, Ottersten, B.,Tenhunen, H., Zander, J., “Future Wireless Computing & Communication”, Nordiskt Radioseminarium, NRS-94, Linköping, Sweden, 1994.

Project Management and Computers in the Year 2010, Annual Conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Vancouver, Canada, 1991. Vol. 3, pp.435-444.

Jim, Goldstein. “The Third Generation of Wireless Communications”. (2005): 3. University of Yorkshire Publications.

Letizia, Caronia. “Mobile Culture: An Ethnography of Cellular Phone Uses in Teenagers’ Everyday Life”. (2004): 90-102. Sage Publications.

JAMES E. KATZ and SATOMI SUGIYAMA. “Mobile phones as fashion statements: evidence from student surveys in the US and Japan”. (2006): 2-9. Sage Publications.

Ling, R. 1997. ‘One can talk about common manners!’: the use of mobile telephones in inappropriate situations.” In: Themes in mobile telephony Final Report of the COST 248 Home and Work group. Haddon, L (ed). 1997.