Off-Label Drugs for Managing Pediatric Issues Coursework

Introduction

Prescribing medications to children often represents a challenge due to the lack of clinically tested information for setting dosage standards for the specified audience. The problem exacerbates when managing mood disorders in children (de Kuijper & Hoekstra, 2018). Unlike with physical health issues, mood disorders in children cannot be addressed merely by reducing medicine dosage. To determine off-label drug dosage for children with mood disorders, one should evaluate the extent of the threat to the child’s mental health and locate its nature precisely in order to choose either antidepressants, or antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers.

Discussion

For example, when addressing a case of a bipolar disorder in a child, the prescribed medication is most likely to be off-label, due to the lack of the necessary tests and controlled trials. Consequently, off-label antipsychotics such as risperidone (Risperdal) are most likely to be prescribed (Hodkinson et al., 2021). Similarly, anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine (Tegretol) for addressing bipolar disorder in children will be prescribed as off-label drugs (Ahadi et al., 2020). Despite not having been tested for their direct effect on children properly, the specified of medication is vital for addressing the target patients’ needs.

Furthermore, one must note that the nuances of administering the specified type of drugs to children depend heavily on the child’s developmental stage. Namely, in infancy, children are particularly susceptible to side effects of off-label drug due to the dosage issue (de Kuijper & Hoekstra, 2018). The threat is reduced as the child transitions from infancy to the stage of a toddler, yet it remains a concern (de Kuijper & Hoekstra, 2018). Finally, for adolescents, the problem cerebrates as a result of a drop in the predictability of the response (de Kuijper & Hoekstra, 2018).

The issue of dosage remains the main concern when prescribing off-label drugs to children with mental health issues. Therefore, strategies for containing the threat and managing children’s and adolescents’ symptoms are needed. For this purpose, one should minimize the range of prescribed psychopharmacological drugs to one or two (de Kuijper & Hoekstra, 2018).

Conclusion

Thus, a therapist will avoid the situation in which an excessive amount of medicine is consumed. Furthermore, the prescribed dose must be minimized to the lowest possible amount, with a subsequent gradual increase if proven inefficient. Specifically, drugs such as Zyprexa and Seroquel, require particular care when being prescribed to children and adolescents (de Kuijper & Hoekstra, 2018). In other words, an individual, patient-oriented approach is recommended.

References

Ahadi, P., Nasiri, J., Ghazavi, M. R., Mosavian, T., & Mansouri, V. (2020). A comparative study on the efficacy of levetiracetam and carbamazepine in the treatment of rolandic seizures in children: An open-label randomized controlled trial.Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice, 9(2), 68-72. Web.

de Kuijper, G. M., & Hoekstra, P. J. (2018). An open‐label discontinuation trial of long‐term, off‐label antipsychotic medication in people with intellectual disability: Determinants of success and failure.The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 58(11), 1418-1426. Web.

Hodkinson, A., Heneghan, C., Mahtani, K. R., Kontopantelis, E., & Panagioti, M. (2021). Benefits and harms of Risperidone and Paliperidone for treatment of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis involving individual participant data and clinical study reports.BMC medicine, 19(1), 1-15. Web.