Introduction
Currently, the world is facing the challenge of terrorism every now and then. Terrorist attacks have been on the rise since the 9/11 incident which made terrorism a global concern. Terrorist cell groups and organizations are continually recruiting more adherents through radicalization. This has enabled them to keep perpetuating their crimes even though there are numerous arrests being made.
The recruitments are intended to ensure the continuity of terror in the world. Nonetheless, the government is trying to contain the impacts of terrorism in the country through undercover operations by police detectives and intelligence operatives. This paper seeks to discuss the three models of terrorism, the effects of international terrorism locally, and the impacts of international terrorism on local cell groups.
Models influencing American terrorism
Terrorism is a major challenge in the world today. The effects of terrorism and its implications are not only a setback in the United States but also to the entire world. The three models of terrorism allow us to understand the structure and rationale used by terrorists to carry out their activities. These models are Rural Revolutionary Models, Urban Cellular Models, and the Uncoordinated Violence Model.
Rural Revolutionary Model
American modern terrorism is mostly associated with Fidel Castro (Combs, 2003). Fidel used the rural revolutionary model to defeat General Fulgencio Batista in 1959 (Combs, 2003). This model involves controlling the rural areas to stop the urban capitalists from influencing the countryside population. Control over the rural areas in this model is achieved through extortion, threats, and violence (Combs, 2003). Mostly, the rural areas are populated with the poor and the oppressed in society. With such citizens, it becomes easy to influence their judgment and create hatred for the federal government.
Urban Cellular Models
The urban cellular models are similar to the rural models. The only difference is the setting and location where the two models occur. Urban cellular terrorists are organized groups rebelling against an oppressive rule. These are groups of people claiming to cause an awakening to the masses to influence change or spread acts of terror (Combs, 2003). Tactics used in such models include radicalization and change of ideologies to turn members into devotees. Urban cellular terrorist groups use guns and bombs to carry out their attacks. However, in recent technological advancements, cyber crimes are also possible means of terror.
Uncoordinated Violence Model
Lastly, the uncoordinated violence model is also referred to as leaderless resistance. In this model, acts of terror are propagated without a centralized or organized command. It is mainly carried out by individuals or groups of people who have no hierarchal organizations. Terrorist groups realized that other models expose their leaders to criminal liabilities. The new model was crafted to reduce the chances of infiltration by undercover law enforcement operatives (Combs, 2003).
Effects of international terrorism on domestic Leftist and Right-Wing groups
As the rise in international terrorism continues, the domestic Leftists and Right-Wing groups are gradually getting better chances to restructure. International terrorism is influencing the growth of smaller local terror groups. It is creating a shadow by leading the authorities to focus on the international terrorists hence leaving loopholes for the Leftist and Right-Wing groups to attack. The media is also not doing enough to expose small terrorist cells. They mainly focus on internationally recognized terror groups.
Impact of networking on the uncoordinated violence model
Networking brings all government systems together. Networking between the police units and other departments of the government can greatly contribute to the apprehension of terrorists hence averting terrorists’ attacks. Networking helps in the dissemination of information on discreet platforms hence reducing the ability for terrorist gangs to organize or contemplate an attack.
Uncoordinated terrorist groups or individuals can easily be trapped and stopped if networking is enhanced within the government’s systems and also with the public utility resources. This will crumble and destroy their plans before they can make a move to attack the nation. Therefore, networking improves communication hence giving the police and detectives enough intelligence to act upon terror threats.
Conclusion
This s paper has discussed the issue of terrorism given the different models used by terrorists globally. The paper has clearly defined and explained the three models of terrorism as well as their effects on local terror gangs. Emphasis has been laid on the impacts that international terrorism has on small groups locally. In the last paragraph of this essay, a concise discussion of the effects of media on terrorism has been outlined.
The paper argues that the media has a role to play in the fight against terror both globally and locally. Networking has been cited in this paper as one of the most effective strategies to combat terrorism in both rural and urban models. Through networking, the flow of information is enhanced. The media can be an effective tool in combating terrorism since networking enables integration between the media and government agencies.
Reference
Combs, C. C. (2003). Terrorism in the 21st century (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.