The History of the US Citizens Since 1865 Research Paper

Introduction

One of the prominent issues that affect the social growth among Americans is racism and poverty. Over the decades, human society evolved to establish the significant core value of capitalism. On the one hand, capitalism enhanced adept economic growth and development mainly through the industrialization era. On the other hand, the policy fostered the marginalization of ethnic groups, such as the emergence of slavery among African Americans.¹ The Whites attained privileges such as access to high-quality healthcare services and education. Although capitalism provides both negative and positive impacts, the different American governments established policies that alleviate the core challenges, that is, poverty and racism.

The Evolution of the Social Justice System

One of the critical social justice issues in the U.S is regulating voting rights among all counterparts despite ethnic identity. The historical profile encompasses the adept discriminatory exercise influencing the relative consideration of equality mainly for African Americans. After the end of the reconstruction era between 1865 and 1877, different state governments implemented laws that suppressed African Americans from voting.² The concept focused on the necessity of ensuring the subjectivity of African Americans to the Non-Hispanic Whites. The prominence of the concept involved advocating for the reverse of the changes during the reconstruction era. The reconstruction period involved the alteration of the system, promoting social justice through equity among the American citizens. In this case, the African Americans attained equal rights to run for political positions and vote for government representatives. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments steered African Americans’ rights to vote while criminalizing the activities involving white supremacists.

Despite incorporating the equal voting rights concept during the reconstruction era, different states upheld dynamic attitudes concerning the issue. Social equity is subjective mainly because of the interpretation based on ethnic-based customs. According to the Southern American states, granting African Americans voting rights undermined the influential white supremacism.³ On the one hand, the Northern states believed in the power of equal voting rights for all citizens. On the other hand, the Southern states advocated for white supremacy. As a result, the Southern state citizens participated in activities contributing to the intimidation of the African American political leaders in the government. Further, the entities coordinated to ensure the take-over of power by a whites-dominated political party in the 1877 elections.⁴ Another consequence that led to the promotion of voter suppression law is the advocacy for the withdrawal of federal troops in the dynamic southern states. The intersection of the distinctive practices, court rulings, and constitutional amendments significantly contributed to the adept insight into the significance of the social justice system.

The constitution is the conglomerate of distinctive regulations establishing the limitations and preferred practices. Researchers indicate that the core mandate among the counterparts after the reconstruction era involved amending the laws in favor of the aggrieved entities.⁵ In this case, social justice is constructed and de-constructed through the different changes in the constitutional legal clauses. However, the core amendments that prompted the steering of social justice through equal voting rights include; the Civil Rights Act in 1964, Twenty-fourth Amendment in 1964, and the prominent voting rights act in 1965.⁶ The advocacy for equal voting rights intensified the essence of accountability from the leadership community while alleviating the influence of white supremacy.

Democracy is the primary steering factor of the constitutional amendments and implementation process. Researchers depict that it is the responsibility of key stakeholders to incorporate measures that boost the interdependent relationship between governance and the social justice system.⁷ The implementation of the voter suppression law caused bias in the leadership representation of African Americans and the whites. The primary goal of democracy enshrines improving the engagement of the citizens in policy planning, development, and implementation. The quotient contributes to the effective distribution of accrued benefits from the entities. A social justice system is essential mainly because it facilitates the development of a suitable social environment for individuals to attain identities and positions despite racial diversity. The lack of incorporating perceptions that enhance social justice forms the foundation for racism and the marginalization of minority groups during the implementation of the development agendas.

Racism is a dangerous element in the promotion of social integration and also presents fewer exploitative opportunities for the news media. In this case, the thirst for racism-related news is a factor that has rendered the widespread habit of streaming information and trends that align with racist behavior. In a research study, the scholars argue on the gradient of individualism that people’s practices and beliefs are dynamic.⁸ Some individuals are sensitive, authoritarian, anxious, and repressed. However, the researchers establish that one of the elements that bring them together is the attitude to particular incidences.⁹ An excellent example is the presidential campaigns and elections. During this period, people from different backgrounds unite towards the upfront of the attitude posed through the campaign manifestos. A significant difference is a manifesto upheld during the campaign of Donald Trump and that of Barrack Obama. Barrack Obama’s presidential campaign aligned based on unity and equity among people from all tribes, races, and ethnicities.

Political ideologies play a crucial role in the promotion of and alleviation of racism across the American territories. Therefore, these initiatives rendered the attraction of the winning votes across the American territories in 2008.¹⁰ On the other hand, Donald Trump’s campaign manifestos portrayed the symbol of restoring America’s power and reputation without the tolerance to compromise. In essence, Trump’s pronouncement targeted the spirit of the Whites who perceive their race as superior and dominant. It is a phenomenon that rendered Trump win over Hillary Clinton mainly because of attracting the attitude of superiority and demeaning the inferior communities. Ideally, the racist behavior triggered by the information consumed by the American citizens conferred to the ideal approach of satisfying the White’s attitude towards voting for Trump as president.

The leading solution to poverty and racial discrimination in America involves promoting equality, humanitarian mores, and moral orientation. Diversity across the human population contributes to the disparity in cultural practices. An excellent example of an equality phenomenon entails abolishing slavery and granting voting rights to African Americans. These policies fostered the proficient distribution of opportunities among individuals despite ethnic identity. In a different spectrum, the incorporation of Medicaid intensified the accessibility of healthcare services to the dynamic American population.

Theoretical Concepts

Equity is one of the profound concepts within the social justice mainframe highly violated by incorporating voting suppression law. According to the researchers, the critical value of voting enshrines promoting democracy.¹¹ The selective establishment of the distributive voting rights risks the misrepresentation among counterparts. On the one hand, the issue fosters racism and the imbalanced essence of the governance system. On the other hand, the national government fails to uphold the ethical values of the constitution on democracy and its pillar of association. The main goal of the voter suppression law involved alleviating opportunities for African Americans’ participation in socio-cultural and political environmental endeavors. Therefore, the elimination of the voter suppression law played a proficient role in advocating equality across the U.S government.

A different concept concerning the social justice system encompassed the utilization of human rights. One of the crucial human rights among individuals includes the right to life and health. Research indicates that the incorporation of the voter suppression law fostered the empowerment and justification of white supremacists.¹² In this case, African Americans became victims of intimidation, torture, threats, and murder attempts. Primarily, the voter suppression law rendered the insecurities among the ethnic members while intensifying the negatively-founded relationship among the counterparts. The main goal of human rights enshrines contributing to the improvement of the living quotient among persons across different geographical locations.¹³ Nevertheless, the voter suppression law focused on the discrimination of the minority while advocating for the rights of the superior community members.

Conclusion

Since 1865, the American society experienced distinctive problems on equality matters due to the essence of promoting capitalism. On the one hand, the foundational outlier of slavery involved ensuring the availability of cheap labor. On the other hand, the economic practice fostered apt discrimination of individuals based on ethnic identity. The vital conceptual insights triggering change entails abolition of prejudicial approaches within the governance structure and the rendering all Americans the right to vote. Primarily, the indepth assessment of the American history fosters the derivation and realization of crucial overview on the dynamism of the sociocultural, economic, and political system.

Bibliography

Alsaad, Abdallah, Abdallah Taamneh, and Mohamad Noor Al-Jedaiah. “Does social media increase racist behavior? An examination of confirmation bias theory.” Technology in Society 55 (2018): 41-46. Web.

Assari, Shervin. “Parental education better helps white than black families escape poverty: National survey of children’s health.” Economies 6, no. 2 (2018): 30. Web.

“13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Primary Documents in American History: Introduction.” Library of Congress. Web.

“14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Primary Documents in American History: Introduction.” Library of Congress. Web.

Lavalley, Ryan, and Khalilah Robinson Johnson. “Occupation, injustice, and anti-Black racism in the United States of America.” Journal of Occupational Science 29, no. 4 (2022): 487-499. Web.

Footnotes

1. Alsaad, Abdallah, Abdallah Taamneh, and Mohamad Noor Al-Jedaiah. “Does social media increase racist behavior? An examination of confirmation bias theory.” Technology in Society 55 (2018): 41-46.
2. Assari, Shervin. “Parental education better helps white than black families escape poverty: National survey of children’s health.” Economies 6, no. 2 (2018): 30.
3. Assari, Shervin. “Parental education better helps white than black families escape poverty: National survey of children’s health.” Economies 6, no. 2 (2018): 30.
4. Lavalley, Ryan, and Khalilah Robinson Johnson. “Occupation, injustice, and anti-Black racism in the United States of America.” Journal of Occupational Science 29, no. 4 (2022): 487-499.
5. Alsaad, Abdallah, Abdallah Taamneh, and Mohamad Noor Al-Jedaiah. “Does social media increase racist behavior? An examination of confirmation bias theory.” Technology in Society 55 (2018): 41-46.
6. Alsaad, Abdallah, Abdallah Taamneh, and Mohamad Noor Al-Jedaiah. “Does social media increase racist behavior? An examination of confirmation bias theory.” Technology in Society 55 (2018): 41-46.
7. Assari, Shervin. “Parental education better helps white than black families escape poverty: National survey of children’s health.” Economies 6, no. 2 (2018): 30.
8. Assari, Shervin. “Parental education better helps white than black families escape poverty: National survey of children’s health.” Economies 6, no. 2 (2018): 30.
9. Assari, Shervin. “Parental education better helps white than black families escape poverty: National survey of children’s health.” Economies 6, no. 2 (2018): 30.
10. Lavalley, Ryan, and Khalilah Robinson Johnson. “Occupation, injustice, and anti-Black racism in the United States of America.” Journal of Occupational Science 29, no. 4 (2022): 487-499.
11. Lavalley, Ryan, and Khalilah Robinson Johnson. “Occupation, injustice, and anti-Black racism in the United States of America.” Journal of Occupational Science 29, no. 4 (2022): 487-499.
12. Lavalley, Ryan, and Khalilah Robinson Johnson. “Occupation, injustice, and anti-Black racism in the United States of America.” Journal of Occupational Science 29, no. 4 (2022): 487-499.
13. “14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Primary Documents in American History: Introduction.” Library of Congress.