Some of the groups who try to influence the making of education policy include political aspirants and candidates; as they use this area of concern as a tool and means to get support and attention from the voters who form the major consumers of education, thus affected by these policies. The other parties involved in the making of education policies include the state authorities and personnel; responsible for funding and budgeting as these are the parties that either argue that the expenditure is increased or cut down. The other groups who try to influence the making of education policies are the masses or the citizens; whose running efficiency improves their access and advantage from the education policy system.
This interest is also because the citizens are also the taxpayers; whose funds help run and make these policies. Other groups that try to influence the making of education policies are the parties affected by the education policies laid down. Some of these parties include school owners, education personnel like teachers; and unions like those covering employees like teachers. Another party involved in the making of these policies are the NGOs; who are responsible for community enhancement and awareness; school management and in other cases the overseeing of education administration (Ramo 13-67).
The major economic models used by the government in the formulation of policies against inflation and recession include the Keynesian theory of economics. According to this theory; the decisions of the private sector can lead to inefficiencies in macroeconomic production. As a result, he argues that there should be actively involved policy reactions from the public sector which encompass the fiscal and monetary policies laid down by policymakers like central banks; and the government in achieving the balance between the business cycle and output. According to the proponent; the existence of a mixed economy where interest, employment, and money are controlled by the government policy formulation, would avoid the development of inflation in the economy (Ramo 13-67).
The other theoretical model formulated to control the incidence of inflation is the Monetarist theory; which contends that the control and variation of money supply poses a major guiding measure on the price levels of products and the national output in the short run. However, he contends that the main focus of these efforts is to control the rate at which the amount of money in circulation is; as this is what brings about inflation within the economy (Ramo 13-67).
The other economic model is the ‘rational expectation theory’; which contends that the various groups and individuals within the economy choose alternatives based on their rational expectation and consideration of the past trends, experiences, and information. According to this theory; the expectations held by the different individuals about the economy at any given time, reflect an equivalence of the level of economic success to be attained in the future. Based on this rationale; the theory contends that inflation can be avoided through the formulation of public policy, which is expected to control the decision of groups and individuals within the economy (Ramo 13-67).
GDP (Gross National Product) is an evaluative figure of the overall economic production of a country. The GDP figure is a sum of the value of all goods and services produced within the boundaries of the country in question, within a year. The GDP figure is calculated by an agency made up of representatives from the ‘Internal affairs and communication’ arms of the government; and the ‘ministry of finance’ (Ramo 13-67).
Under this Act regarding the provision of equal opportunity to employment, the major provisions are that; it is unlawful for an employer to hire or discharge any individual on the areas of job privileges, terms of the employment or compensation agreement; based on the nationality, race, sex, color, ethnicity or the religion of the person. Another provision is that an employer should not by any means discriminate on any individual within the considerations of workplace conduct, hiring or discharging; based on the personal variables named above (Ramo 13-67).
Work cited
Ramo, Joshua. “The age of the unthinkable: Why the new world Disorder constantly Surprises us and what we can do about it”, 1st edition. Little, Brown and Company Press. (2009): 13-67.