The assigned video shows the Hematopoiesis map, describes its elements and links between them. There is a scheme on top of which multipotential hematopoietic stem cell (Hemacytoblast) from which other cells come. Initially, it is divided into common myeloid progenitor and common lymphoid progenitor. The first gives rise to megakaryocytes (from which thrombocytes originate), erythrocyte, mast cell, and myeloblast (basophil, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte originate, the latter gives rise to macrophage). The second gives rise to natural killer cells and small lymphocytes, divided into T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte, from which plasma cell originates.
Anemia is a reduction of the number or volume of red cells or a decrease in the quality or quantity of hemoglobin. Erythrocytes are not nucleated, and hemoglobin in them carries oxygen. That is why anemia is accompanied by decreased oxygen delivery causes several symptoms, such as dyspnea or dizziness. According to the video, red cells originate from the common myeloid progenitor, which originates from multipotential hematopoietic stem cells (Hemacytoblast). It means that causes of anemia lay deeper in problems of functioning of these elements of Hematopoiesis map. There are several kinds of anemia: posthemorrhagic, macrocytic (megaloblastic), microcytic-hypochromic, iron deficiency anemia (“the most common nutritional disorder worldwide” (1), anemia of chronic disease, and normocytic-normochromic.
Hematopoiesis map allowed me to understand the relation system of different blood cells. All of them originate from one multipotential hematopoietic stem cell (hemacytoblast) that lets to see that they have one source and are connected. In addition, I have learned that the word “blast” means the beginning of a stem cell, and the word “cyte” – the mature cell. “For example, erythroblasts would give rise to the erythrocytes” (Downes, 0:50). “Blast”-cells are immature and give rise to others as, for example, myeloblast is an origin of granulocytes and agranulocytes. The latter are mononuclear leukocytes with the absence of granules in the cytoplasm. Basophil, neutrophil, and eosinophil differ from monocyte that we can see on the map.
References
Chapter 23. Alterations of Hematologic Function.
Downes, S. R. (2014). Hematopoiesis map. YouTube.