Introduction
Dyslexia is a brain disorder that affects the learning skills ability of an individual especially reading, spelling and writing. Regardless of these individuals having normal intelligence like the other normal individuals their reading skills usually are very low than anticipated. Dyslexia Disorder characteristics vary from one individual to another, but these individuals usually share some common traits for instance spelling, writing and reading intricately. Brain injury resulting from an accident and dementia complications may cause dyslexia in adulthood. Some cases of dyslexia disorder are caused by inheriting bad genes from the parents hence in increasing the chances of an individual suffering from the disorder (Noel 2002).
There are various kinds of dyslexia disorder that influence the ability of the child to read and spell in school.
Trauma dyslexia is generally caused by brain injury or trauma that affects the region of the brain that occurs after some form of brain trauma or injury to the area of the brain that directs writing and reading. This type of dyslexia disorder is not very common in school age pupils.
Primary dyslexia is a kind of dyslexia disorder which is caused by dysfunction of cerebral cortex of the brain (the left area of the brain) and the condition is not normally affected by change in growth development. Children with this kind of disorder might not read beyond the fourth-grade stage and hence in adulthood they normally have problems in writing, reading and spelling. The children who normally suffer from this kind of dyslexia inherit the disorder from their parents’ genes. Boys are normally mostly affected than girls by this dyslexia disorder.
Developmental or secondary dyslexia is mainly caused by hormonal imbalance during fetal development in early stages of life. As the child grows this type of disorder vanishes. Developmental dyslexia usually affects boys more than girls.
Dyslexia usually affects various body functions for instance; Visual dyslexia is typified by letter and number reversals and the incapability to put in writing symbols in the right sequence. Auditory dyslexia engrossed complexity with sounds of groups of letters or letters. These sounds are alleged as incorrectly heard or muddled. Dysgraphia is a type of dysfunction, where by the child is unable to hold and control the pencil well when making the paper.
Characteristic of dyslexia disorder
Hearing, Speech and listening
Dyslexics’ victims normally have problems in hearing, listening and speaking. For instance Speech delay is usually very common with dyslexia victims; furthermore dyslexics have difficulties in decoding aural and processing inputs before delivering their own speech. In addition dyslexia is also characterized by early cluttering and stuttering of speech.
Speaking clearly is another problem which is very common in dyslexics’ individuals. They frequently don’t speak out words correctly, mixing up sounds. In addition, speaking fluently in full sentence is normally a problem. Furthermore, pronunciation of some letters for instance R and L is usually a problem. Immature speech is another trait with people with dyslexia disorder.
Reading and spelling
Dyslexics’ victims usually have difficulties in reading and spelling letter words due to problems in letter -sound correspondences, and making spelling mistakes. Subtraction or addition of letters incorrectly is also some of the traits of dyslexia disorder.
Writing and motor skills
Individuals with dyslexia might have poor handwriting due to literacy problems. In addition their writing speed is usually very low and writing irregular letters on the paper which are not straight.
Dyslexia individuals usually have problems with motor coordination, for instance poor coordination and clumsiness which affects reading and hearing
Mathematical abilities
Dyslexics’ victims are usually very good in mathematics, but have problems in recalling mathematical facts, in multiplication tables and sequence of steps while performing calculations.
Support and Educational services for dyslexics
Various liberal organizations for instance, Scottish Rite Foundation have made testing and counseling services for dyslexia available in schools and furthermore offering training classes and stuffs available, for students and teachers without demanding for any payments to assist dyslexics. In Wales and dyslexia students in higher education are entitled to receive students allowance for the disabled and in addition they receive other support services for instance IT equipment and personal assistance. Furthermore students with dyslexia are provided with special treatments during exams period for example additional time to assist to complete their test in time.
In many public schools, early identification of children with dyslexia is usually emphasized. After identification of the learning difficulties or dyslexia in children ,these children are usually treated with special needs and care.furthermore dyslexics are usually enroll in programmers which are flexible and favor their conditions. In addition dyslexics’ victims usually receive appropriate support from parents and teachers to assist them to understand and accepting their status.
Conclusion
It is usually very difficult to detect Dyslexia disorder when the child is at early stages of life. Children with this disorder frequently undergo frustrations and stress because of the inability to read like the other pupils in school who don’t suffer from the same problem. In addition the child might suffer from depression and have very low self-esteem. Furthermore the child’s behavior at school and at home is usually not normal compared to other normal children, hence affecting negatively the school performance of the child if not treated immediately
Reference
Noel, A. (2002). Dyslexia disorder complication. New York City: Oxford University press.